Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that leads to different complications. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of the black solo garlic on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The Wistar rats were grouped into six groups of: normal control, negative control, treatment dose of 6.5 g/kg, 13.5 g/kg, and 26 g/kg body weight, and positive control glibenclamide. In addition to normal control, rats were induced with STZ on day 8–11. Also, steeping black solo garlic or glibenclamide was administered on the day 12–19. The experimental animals were sacrificed on day 20 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) were measured using ELISA. The results showed that the administration of steeping black solo garlic significantly decreased levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α as well as increased IFN-γ with the immunity of STZ-induced rats.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease characterized by impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats due to insufficient secretion of insulin
The results showed that STZ induction significantly increased IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α level compared normal group (p < 0.0001) (Figure 2)
The administration of black solo garlic at dose of 6.5 g/kg, 13.5 g/kg and 26 g/kg body weight had significantly reduced the level of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α compared to untreated diabetic rats (p < 0.0001)
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease characterized by impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats due to insufficient secretion of insulin. This complication is caused by decreased insulin sensitivity in the tissues, and it is the leading cause of kidney disease, blindness, and amputations [1]. Insulin deficiency in diabetes increases blood glucose resulting in impaired microcirculation as well as increased oxidative stress resulting in prolonged inflammation [3]. This condition is different from inflammation in general. IL-6 is a powerful predictor of the development of diabetes complications such as diabetic nephropathy [7]
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