Immunogenicity of recombinant protective antigen and efficacy against intranasal challenge with Bordetella bronchiseptica

Abstract

Bordetella bronchiseptica is a Gram-negative respiratory pathogen that causes substantial disease in a variety of animals. Filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and pertactin are important attachment factors and protective immunogens, which serve as protective antigens in several animal models of infection with B. bronchiseptica. Here, we showed the efficacy of subcutaneous immunization of mice with a recombinant protein rF1P2, which consisted of the important immunodominant protective type I domain (F1) of FHA and the highly immunogenic region II domain (P2) of pertactin. Groups of mice tested, when challenged with different strains of B. bronchiseptica were fully protected, with long-lasting immunity to lethal B. bronchiseptica challenge, whereas mice immunized with Freund's adjuvant alone or PBS were not. In rF1P2-immunized mice, specific antibodies lasted for more than 120 days, and the IgG1/IgG2a ratio remained at a constant level till the end of the study. This suggests that rF1P2-induced a long-lasting balanced humoral immune responses and immunological memory in mice. rF1P2-specific antisera inhibited hemagglutination associated with full-length mature FHA. Furthermore, passive antiserum transfer from immunized animals completely protected naive mice from subsequent B. bronchiseptica challenge. These data may have implications for the development of safe and efficacious subunit vaccines for the prevention of bordetellosis, and may contribute to future acellular whooping cough vaccines.