Abstract
Immunisation Information Systems (IIS) are computerised confidential population based-systems containing individual-level information on vaccines received in a given area. They benefit individuals directly by ensuring vaccination according to the schedule and they provide information to vaccine providers and public health authorities responsible for the delivery and monitoring of an immunisation programme. In 2016, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) conducted a survey on the level of implementation and functionalities of IIS in 30 European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries. It explored the governance and financial support for the systems, IIS software, system characteristics in terms of population, identification of immunisation recipients, vaccinations received, and integration with other health record systems, the use of the systems for surveillance and programme management as well as the challenges involved with implementation. The survey was answered by 27 of the 30 EU/EEA countries having either a system in production at national or subnational levels (n = 16), or being piloted (n = 5) or with plans for setting up a system in the future (n = 6). The results demonstrate the added-value of IIS in a number of areas of vaccination programme monitoring such as monitoring vaccine coverage at local geographical levels, linking individual immunisation history with health outcome data for safety investigations, monitoring vaccine effectiveness and failures and as an educational tool for both vaccine providers and vaccine recipients. IIS represent a significant way forward for life-long vaccination programme monitoring.
Highlights
Immunisation Information Systems (IIS) are defined as confidential, population-based, computerised databases that record all immunisation doses administered by participating providers to persons residing within a given geopolitical area [1]
Governance was defined as ‘the body at national or regional level that is in charge of the day-to-day management of the IIS and of the data contained in the system’
For eight of the 13 countries with national systems, governance of the IIS is the sole responsibility of the National Institute of Public Health (NIPH)
Summary
Immunisation Information Systems (IIS) are defined as confidential, population-based, computerised databases that record all immunisation doses administered by participating providers to persons residing within a given geopolitical area [1]. One of the key performance indicators of a well-functioning immunisation programme is vaccination coverage – the proportion of the population eligible for vaccination that has been immunised. It is an indirect measurement of population immunity and determines the level of herd protection against vaccine preventable diseases. IIS can be a key tool for monitoring vaccination coverage They can facilitate evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of vaccines through linking individual vaccination data with other records on health outcomes [11,12,13,14]. The functionalities of such systems, including electronic patient records in the framework of e-Health initiatives, are developing
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