Abstract
Tumour markers are gaining in importance for the histological differentiation of the squamous cell tumours. They can be implemented in the differentiation of precancerous lesions from cancers. Until now, such immunohistochemical methods have been reported only for the larynx for differentiating precancerous transformation from the normal epithelium by means of antigen specificity; none of these methods, however, are suitable for cytological application. We investigated via the immunopap method a palette of antibodies including our own markers (B/A 2). The proliferation marker Ki 67 is found to be specific in various cells, especially in basal cells. Markers with broad spectrum such as CEA and EMA are of little importance for routine laryngeal diagnosis because of uncharacteristic diffuse reactions. EMA antibodies marked the cylindrical cells. S-100, Vimentin, Ulex, and Factor VIII reacted as non-squamous cell markers. S-100 marked, besides the peripheral nerves, also the small salivary glands of the larynx. Ulex showed mild reaction with all squamous cells. We recommend the epithelial markers B/A 2 and CK 13 for routine histological and cytological examination of the larynx. For detection of proliferation Ki 67 is the appropriate marker.
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