Abstract
Results In patients, an increase in the population of Th17-secreting cells negatively correlated with the abundance of both IFN-γ-producing and T regulatory as well as suppressor cells, regarding all the phenotypes studied. Although a strong dependence of the PB Th1 cell compartment on the duration of the disease was observed, it was limited to the subgroup of patients with macular edema only. The frequency of B regulatory cells was unchanged compared to controls. Conclusions In pars planitis, the alterations in lymphocyte cell distribution affect primarily the T cell repertoire. The imbalance in PB Th1/Th17/Treg cells creates proinflammatory conditions, strengthening the suggestion that the immune background may play a role in pars planitis pathogenesis. Also, circulating Th1 level may be of potential clinical relevance in terms of prediction of a more severe course of the disease.
Highlights
According to the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN), pars planitis is an intermediate uveitis of unknown cause [1]
Our attention was focused on the effector IFN-γ- (Th1) and IL-17-producing (Th17) as well as suppressor (Treg, T suppressor (Tsup), and B regulatory (Breg)) lymphocytes, since these cell populations have been suggested to be implicated in the pathogenesis of uveitis [18]
We found a significant decrease in the proportion of both CD4+CD25hiCD127- T regulatory cells (Treg) and CD8+ CD28-FOXP3+ T suppressor cells (Tsup) in patients in comparison with healthy subjects (p < 0:001 and p < 0:01, respectively)
Summary
According to the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN), pars planitis is an intermediate uveitis of unknown cause [1]. Pars planitis is characterized by the presence of snowbank and snowball formation, which are chronic inflammatory aggregates, on pars plana and within the vitreous in the absence of an infectious or systemic disease. Mediators of Inflammation considered as a benign form of uveitis, but it may be complicated by cataract, optic disc edema, vitreous opacities, and cystoid macula edema. The latter is the most common cause of visual morbidity. Appropriate control of inflammation in the eye tissue seems to be crucial in order to improve the prognosis of the disease
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