Abstract
We demonstrate image transfer by a cascaded stack consisting of two and three triangular-lattice photonic crystal slabs separated by air. The quality of the image transfered by the stack is sensitive to the air/photonic crystal interface termination and the frequency. Depending on the frequency and the surface termination, the image can be transfered by the stack with very little deterioration of the resolution, that is the resolution of the final image is approximately the same as the resolution of the image formed behind one single photonic crystal slab.
Highlights
Isotropic dielectric media with simultaneously negative permittivity ε(r) and permeability μ(r), the electric field vector E(r), the magnetic field vector H(r) and the wave vector k form a left-handed set of vectors
As mentioned on the website of Moroz [15], Lamb and Schuster in 1904 may even have been the first to study the possibility of a negative group velocity, that is having the opposite sign to the wave vector, and to study the existence of backward waves
If the slabs are made of a photonic crystal material, using one thick slab is not an option, since the image resolution becomes worse as the thickness increases
Summary
Isotropic dielectric media with simultaneously negative permittivity ε(r) and permeability μ(r), the electric field vector E(r), the magnetic field vector H(r) and the wave vector k form a left-handed set of vectors. In 2000, Pendry further pointed out that flat slabs of NIM with n = −1 and surrounded by vacuum make perfect lenses or superlenses, since both propagating and evanescent waves contribute to the resolution of the image [19]. Those lenses are predicted to have subwavelength resolution. Besides imaging by a flat lens, Notomi mentioned two other applications of NIMs: Open cavity formation [22, 27] and image transfer by a cascaded stack of alternatingly positioned, positive and negative refractive media [27]. Smaller values for the lattice spacing δ and the time step δt give similar results as the ones presented in this paper
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