薑黃之生長與發育II.氮鉀肥用量對生育、產量及品質之影響

Abstract

Three levels each of N (0, 90, and 180 kg N/ha for N0, N1, and N2, respectively) and K (0,100, and 200 kg K2O/ha for K0, K1, and K2, respectively) fertilizers were tested in combination along with a fixed reate of P fertilizer (40 kg P2O5/ha) for their effects on the growth and rhizome yield and quality of Curcuma aromatica Salisb. Experimental results indicated that application of N and K fertilizers facilitated the development of plant height and leaf length and width measured at 80 days after the emergence of leaf sheath. Significant effect of N×K interaction was recorded on leaf number only. Investigation at 140 days after the emergence of leaf sheath indicated that N and K fertilization promoted the development of plant height, leaf number, and branch number. Effect of N × K interaction was significant on leaf width only. Rhizome yield on either fresh or dry weight basis was higher for N2 than for N1 and N0 treatments. N fertilization also increased curcumin content in the rhizomes. No significant effect of K fertilization on the yield and curcumin content of the rhizomes was observed. However, K fertilizer showed marked effect on the crude protein and soluble sugar contents. Crude protein content was highest for K1 while soluble sugar content was highest for both K1 and K2 treatments. Ash content tended to decrease with increasing N fertilization. Contents of P and K were higher for N0 than for other N treatments. Increasing K fertilizer resulted in higher K content in the rhizomes.