IgA deposition in the skin of patients with alcoholic liver disease.

Abstract

In patients with alcoholic liver disease, IgA deposits are often found in the liver, kidneys and skin. The present study was undertaken to determine the specificity, sensitivity and characteristics of IgA deposition in the skin of a group of alcoholic patients with or without overt liver disease, and compare these with findings in non-alcoholic cirrhotics. Twenty-six out of 28 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis had IgA deposition in the skin. In contrast, only 6 out of 11 patients who were alcoholic without any clinical liver disease and 3 out of 13 patients with non-alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver had IgA deposition. In the control group, only 1 out of 52 patients with various dermatoses (excluding IgA dermatoses) had this IgA deposition. Unlike other IgA dermatoses, such as Henoch-Schoenlein purpura or dermatitis herpetiformis, IgA deposition in alcoholic liver disease is characterized by its presence in the basement membrane of the eccrine secretory coils. This particular pattern of IgA deposition can be helpful in the diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease or alcoholism since the specificity is 100% with a sensitivity of 75%.