Abstract
This paper reports a study into the peculiarities of the structural-phase composition of the alloy obtained by using anthropogenic waste from the production of high-alloy steels involving reduction melting. That is necessary for determining the technological parameters that could help decrease the loss of alloying elements in the process of obtaining and using a doped alloy. This study has shown that at an O:C ratio in the charge of 1.84, the alloy consisted mainly of the solid solution of carbon and alloying elements in α-Fe. The manifestation of Fe3C C carbide with alloying elements as substitution atoms was of relatively weak intensity. At the O:C ratios in the charge of 1.42 and 1.17, there was an increase in the intensity of the Fe3C carbide manifestation. At the same time, the emergence of the carbide compounds W2C·Mo2C and WC was identified. Several phases with different content of alloying elements were present in the microstructure images. Cr content in the examined areas changed in the range of 0.64–33.86 % by weight; W content reached 41.58 % by weight; Mo –19.53 % by weight; V – 18.55 % by weight; Co – 3.95 % by weight. The carbon content was in the range of 0.28–2.43 % by weight. Analysis of the study results reveals that the most favorable ratio of O:C in the charge was 1.42. At the same time, the phase composition was dominated by a solid solution of the alloying elements and carbon in α-Fe. The share of the residual carbon concentrated in the carbide component was in the range of 0.52–2.11 % by weight, thereby ensuring the required reduction capability of the alloy when used. The study reported here has made it possible to identify new technological aspects of obtaining an alloy by utilizing anthropogenic waste, and whose indicators provide for the possibility of replacing part of standard ferroalloys when smelting steels without strict restrictions on carbon content.
Highlights
Processing the anthropogenic waste and returning it to production is one of the ways to obtain alloying materials of refractory elements, prices for which tend to increase [1]
Worth noting are the results of a study into the carbon-based reduction of anthropogenic waste of non-alloy steels, reported in work [3], which detected the phases of iron, iron carbide, carbon, and residual oxide component in the reduction products
It has been established that at the ratio of O:C in the charge of 1.84, a solid solution of carbon and alloying elements in the α-Fe and Fe3C was detected in the phase composition
Summary
Processing the anthropogenic waste and returning it to production is one of the ways to obtain alloying materials of refractory elements, prices for which tend to increase [1]. 4/12 ( 112 ) 2021 in such waste when devising technological parameters for processing. These features predetermine difficulties in ensuring competitiveness, due to the issues related to the manufacturability and relatively high cost of production [2]. It is a relevant task to develop resource-saving technologies for processing alloyed anthropogenic waste with a decrease in the loss of alloying elements. To address such an issue, it is necessary to expand ideas on the physical-chemical transformations that occur during the reduction melting of anthropogenic raw materials
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