Identification of Immune-Related Genes as Potential Biomarkers in Early Septic Shock

Abstract

Plain Language SummarySeptic shock is a dangerous condition that happens when an infection spreads through the body and triggers a strong immune response, leading to the failure of multiple organs. Recognizing and treating septic shock quickly is crucial to prevent lasting damage to the body’s organs. However, doctors currently do not have highly effective tools to diagnose septic shock early. In this study, we looked at genetic information from patients with early septic shock. We used a large public database to find patterns in gene activity that could help identify the condition. By analyzing the genes, we could tell which types of immune cells were involved. We discovered that certain immune cells, like neutrophils, M0 macrophages (a kind of white blood cell that helps fight infections), and natural killer cells, were more active in patients with septic shock. We also found genes that are active during immune responses and disease progression. These genes were mostly involved in the body’s defense system, cell communication, and energy use. Among these genes, six stood out as being closely connected to M0 macrophages. These six genes could potentially serve as early warning signs for doctors to detect septic shock, as they were good at distinguishing between patients with and without the condition. In summary, the study identified six genes that might be useful for spotting septic shock early on. These findings could lead to better diagnostic tools, helping doctors to treat patients before their condition becomes critical.