Abstract
Drought is a major and constantly increasing abiotic stress factor, thus limiting chickpea production. Like other crops, Kabuli Chickpea genotypes are screened for drought stress through Multi-environment trials (METs). Although, METs analysis is generally executed taking into account only one trait, which provides less significant reliability for the recommendation of genotypes as compared to multi trait-based analysis. Multi trait-based analysis could be used to recommend genotypes across diverse environments. Hence, current research was conducted for selection of superior genotypes through multi-trait stability index (MTSI) by using mixed and fixed effect models under six diverse environments. The genotypic stability was computed for all traits individually using the weighted average of absolute scores from the singular value decomposition of the matrix of best linear unbiased predictions for the genotype vs environment interaction (GEI) effects produced by a linear mixed-effect model index. A superiority index, WAASBY was measured to reflect the MPS (Mean performance and stability). The selection differential for the WAASBY index was 11.2%, 18.49% and 23.30% for grain yield (GY), primary branches per plant (PBP) and Stomatal Conductance (STOMA) respectively. Positive selection differential (0.80% ≤ selection differential ≤ 13.00%) were examined for traits averaged desired to be increased and negative (-0.57% ≤ selection differential ≤ -0.23%) for those traits desired to be reduced. The MTSI may be valuable to the plant breeders for the selection of genotypes based on many characters as being strong and simple selection process. Analysis of MTSI for multiple environments revealed that, the genotypes G20, G86, G31, G28, G116, G12, G105, G45, G50, G10, G30, G117, G81, G48, G85, G17, G32, G4, and G37 were the most stable and high yielding out of 120 chickpea genotypes, probably due to high MPS of selected traits under various environments. It is concluded that identified traits can be utilized as genitors in hybridization programs for the development of drought tolerant Kabuli Chickpea breeding material.
Highlights
The mean global temperatures have risen to record 1.2C higher than previous century (Voosen, 2021)
The current research work was conducted by using 120 Kabuli chickpea genotypes including three local checks collected from different Research Institutes in Pakistan (Table 1)
Drought tolerance evaluation in six environments led us to conclude that Multi-trait stability index (MTSI) could be used to select superior chickpea genotypes with improved yield traits
Summary
The mean global temperatures have risen to record 1.2C higher than previous century (Voosen, 2021). Many scientists projected that drought, higher magnitude of concentration of CO2 and global temperatures will go higher with the passage of time in sub-tropical and semiarid ecological zones (Araus et al, 2002; Wang et al, 2017) Due to these variations the rate of crop evapotranspiration will increase which could create more worse scenario for crop production due to lesser water availability to fulfill crop water needs (Abbas et al, 2017; Ahmad et al, 2017; Ahmad et al, 2019; Fatima et al, 2020; Fatima et al, 2020). Determinantal impact of climate change and drought on food and water security have been reported by Ding et al (2021)
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