Abstract
Glioma, the most common histological subtype of primary spinal cord tumors, is considered as a rare central nervous system neoplasm. In this study, 9 glioma samples (4 of grade II and 5 of grade IV with H3K27M positive) were analyzed to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the malignant progression of gliomas, transcriptome sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in grade IV vs. grade II were analyzed by using the Limma package in R. Enrichment analysis was performed for the individual DEGs through VennPlex software and the Database for Annotation. Gene mutations and fusions were analyzed using the Genome Analysis Toolkit and STAR-Fusion. A total of 416 DEGs were identified in grade IV vs. grade II. Functional analysis of the DEGs showed that GALR1 and GRM5 of neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions signaling pathways may be relaed to malignant progression of gliomas. Further systematic transcriptional profiling identified 11 in-frame/frameshift gene fusions in the tumors. Notably, one novel gene fusions, GATSL2-GTF2I was detected in all of the grade II samples. In summary, the molecular alterations observed in glioma progression may improve the characterization of different human spinal cord glioma grades. The transcriptome analysis of intramedullary spinal cord glioma will provide a new candidate gene list for further mechanism research.
Highlights
Intramedullary spinal cord gliomas account for about 2 to 4% of central nervous system (CNS) tumors[1,2,3]
Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and gene fusions were identified in different grades of spinal gliomas samples including tissues of grade II and grade IV. 416 DEGs in IVvs II were identified in this study
Functional annotations of the DEGs in IV vs II showed that Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction accumulated the highest number of dysregulated genes, which suggested the close association with spinal glioma progression (Table 3). among the 11 genes, GRM5, galanin receptor 1 (GALR1), NPY1R and AGTR1 has been reported playing a role in tumors’ development and progression
Summary
Intramedullary spinal cord gliomas account for about 2 to 4% of central nervous system (CNS) tumors[1,2,3]. Transcriptome sequencing of 9 spinal cord glioma samples were performed. DEGs and gene fusions were identified in different grades of spinal gliomas samples including tissues of grade II (control) and grade IV.he samples included grade II (control) and grade
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