Abstract
Recently food shortage has become the major flagging scenario around the globe. To resolve this challenge, there is dire need to significantly increase crop productivity per unit area. In the present study, 24 genotypes of rice were grown in pots to assess their tillering number, number of primary and secondary branches per panicle, number of grains per panicle, number of grains per plant, and grain yield, respectively. In addition, the potential function of miR156 was analyzed, regulating seed sequence in rice. Furthermore, OsSPL14 gene for miR156 was sequenced to identify additional mutations within studied region. The results demonstrated Bas-370 and L-77 showed highest and lowest tillers, respectively. Bas-370, Rachna basmati, Bas-2000, and Kashmir Basmati showed high panicle branches whereas, L-77, L-46, Dilrosh, L-48, and L-20 displayed lowest panicle branches. Bas-370 and four other studied accessions contained C allele whereas, L-77 and 18 other investigated accessions had heterozygous (C and T) alleles in their promoter region. C-T allelic mutation was found in 3rd exon of the OsSPL14 gene. The sequence analysis of 12 accessions revealed a novel mutation (C-T) present ~2bp upstream and substitution of C-A allele. However, no significant correlation for novel mutation was found for tillering and panicle branches in studied rice accessions. Taken together present results suggested novel insight into the binding of miR156 to detected mutation found in 3rd exon of the OsSPL14 gene. Nevertheless, L-77, L-46, Dilrosh, L-48, and L-20 could be used as potential breeding resource for improving panicle architecture contributing yield improvement of rice crop.
Highlights
Global food security is becoming a serious challenge for rapidly growing human population owing to negative environmental conditions caused by climate change [1, 2]
Plants with high tillers might be useful for adapting to diverse environmental condition low tillers severely influence extreme stress conditions [4]
It has been estimated that from 2001 to 2025, global demand for rice production is expected to increased by 25%, and an annual increase of 5.9 metric tons is required to achieve
Summary
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is among essential monocotyledonous plants belongs to family Poaceae and consumed by more than 50% of people around the world. Global food security is becoming a serious challenge for rapidly growing human population owing to negative environmental conditions caused by climate change [1, 2]. From the last several decades, agriculture system of Pakistan has faced severe challenges [5]. Over three billion Asian people meet their caloric requirements from rice [7]. It has been estimated that from 2001 to 2025, global demand for rice production is expected to increased by 25%, and an annual increase of 5.9 metric tons is required to achieve. To meet caloric demand for ever-increasing human population, the Food and Agriculture Association of the United States forecasted that by 2050 the rice demand will exceed by 524 metric tons, and productivity of rice is estimated to increase by 2 metric tons per year compared to current rice production [8]
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