Abstract
Surface antigen one (Sao) protein is a bacterial surface protein identified in the important zoonotic pathogen Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (S. suis 2) during an extensive search for functional proteins. The Sao protein is anchored to the bacterial cell wall by the LPVTG motif and is widely distributed in many S. suis serotypes. In this paper, we present the immunodominant epitope peptide of the Sao protein that is recognized by BALB/c antibodies against the Sao protein: 355SEKQMPSVVNENAVTPEKQMTNKENDNIET384 (location Sao355−384). To determine the core epitope recognized by antibodies, we prepared truncation peptide libraries. Analyses of the immunoreactivity of truncation peptides with anti-Sao355−384 serum revealed that the most immunoreactive sequence was 355SEKQMPSVVNENAVTPEK372 (location Sao355−372). Moreover, we observed that this core epitope also showed good specificity based on the ratio of reactivity with serum from S. suis–positive patients compared to serum from S. suis–negative patients. Our results point to the potential of using the Sao355−372 peptide in diagnostic assays to determine S. suis infection in humans.
Highlights
S. suis is an important swine pathogen that can be transmitted to humans through contact with diseased animals or contaminated raw pork products [1]
We showed that the Surface antigen one (Sao) protein is a highly immunoreactive protein that can be used as a marker of S. suis infection [8]
Attempts to establish an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for epidemiological testing of S. suis infection are hampered by the lack of simple and effective detection methods
Summary
S. suis is an important swine pathogen that can be transmitted to humans through contact with diseased animals or contaminated raw pork products [1]. This pathogen may induce the overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines, which may lead to septic shock and the activation of different leukocyte populations, causing acute inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS). S. suis can activate microglia and astrocytes to cause acute inflammatory reactions in the brain, leading to brain edema, cerebrovascular injury, deafness, and other serious intracranial complications [2]. Establishing an ELISA for diagnosing S. suis infection is important for epidemiological surveillance
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