Abstract
Lentilactobacillus buchneri isolated from Korean fermented plant foods produces β-glucosidase, which can hydrolyze ginsenoside Rb1 from Panax ginseng to yield ginsenoside Rd. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms underlying the extracellular β-glucosidase activity obtained from Lentilactobacillus buchneri URN103L. Among the 17 types of lactic acid bacteria showing positive β-glucosidase activity in the esculin iron agar test, only URN103L was found to exhibit high hydrolytic activity on ginsenoside Rb1. The strain showed 99% homology with Lentilactobacillus buchneri NRRLB 30929, whereby it was named Lentilactobacillus buchneri URN103L. Supernatants of selected cultures with β-glucosidase activity were examined for hydrolysis of the major ginsenoside Rb1 at 40 °C, pH 5.0. Furthermore, the β-glucosidase activity of this strain showed a distinct ability to hydrolyze major ginsenoside Rb1 into minor ginsenosides Rd and Rg3. Lentilactobacillus buchneri URN103L showed higher leucine arylamidase, valine arylamidase, α-galactosidass, β–galactosidase, and β-glucosidase activities than any other strain. We conclude that β-glucosidase from Lentilactobacillus buchneri URN103L can effectively hydrolyze ginsenoside Rb1 into Rd and Rg3. The converted ginsenoside can be used in functional foods, yogurts, beverage products, cosmetics, and other health products.
Highlights
IntroductionThe most abundant components of Korean ginseng are ginsenosides (ginseng saponin) and polysaccharides, which are not absorbed by the human intestines due to their chemical hydrophilicity
The Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strain was identified as L. buchneri URN103L, which showed metabolized intoL.Rg3 after 3 NRRLB
We found that Lentilactobacillus buchneri URN103L with β-glucosidase activity, isolated from the fermentation of medicinal plants, has the potential to convert ginsenoside Rb1 into Rd and Rg3
Summary
The most abundant components of Korean ginseng are ginsenosides (ginseng saponin) and polysaccharides, which are not absorbed by the human intestines due to their chemical hydrophilicity If these constituents come into contact with the intestinal microbiota in the digestive tract, microbes use them to produce minor metabolites, such as compound K and protopanaxatriol, which are absorbed by the human intestines. These metabolites exhibit important pharmacological functions, including antitumor, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective activities [3,4,5]. The hydrolysis of plant metabolite glucoconjugates by the β-glucosidase activities of LAB is a significant contribution to the biological activity and dietary attributes of fermented food [6]
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