Abstract
The MX was first identified in kraft pulp mill effluents of a paper factory containing high concentration of non-volatile organic matter and high free chlorine concentration derived from the whitening process. These effluents had a strong mutagenic activity in the Ames test. The combined use of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high resolution gas chromatography (GC) and mass spcctrometry (MS) techniques with the Ames test bioassay was able to isolate, characterize and identify the MX compound (Holmbom et al. 1981). Later, the MX was identified in drinking water as a disinfection by-product (Hemming et al. 1986; Meier 1988). Nowadays, the MX analysis is noteworthy because it could represent as much as the 60% total Ames test activity of chlorine treated water extracts (Kronberg and Vartiainen 1988a). This compound is the sole product in drinking water proved to be directly related to mutagenic activity in the Ames test. Recently, the reduced (red-MX), oxided (ox-MX), geometrical isomers (E-MX) and bromoderivative forms of MX have been identified in water samples (Suzuki and Nakaniski 1995).
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