Identification and nature detection of series and shunt faults in types I, III and IV wind turbines and PV integrated hybrid microgrid with a fuzzy logic‐based adaptive protection scheme

Abstract

Types I, III and IV wind distributed generators show different and wide range of current sharing capacity during the occurrence of faults in the distribution feeders. In a hybrid microgrid consisting of any of the above mentioned types of wind distributed generators and photovoltaic distributed generators, the fault current in a feeder shows different behaviour which changes as per the type of distributed generators, grid/islanded connection of microgrid operation, distance of the fault from the point of common coupling and nature of the loads in the microgrid system. The novel contribution of this paper is the implementation of a fuzzy logic based adaptive protection scheme through analysis of the q0 components of fault current which are used to detect the low X/R ratio of distributed generators, modes of operation, transient reactance during the series and shunt faults in types I, III and IV wind turbines and PV integrated hybrid microgrid. Considering q0 components and transient reactance, a new relation between the relay current settings and modes of operation has been identified for adaptive relaying. The effectiveness of the proposed adaptive protection scheme for the hybrid microgrid is verified through a simulation case study using Matlab -Simulink software.