Abstract
BackgroundPhosphorus (P), an essential macronutrient, is often limiting in soils and affects plant growth and development. In Arabidopsis thaliana, Low Phosphate Root1 (LPR1) and its close paralog LPR2 encode multicopper oxidases (MCOs). They regulate meristem responses of root system to phosphate (Pi) deficiency. However, the roles of LPR gene family in rice (Oryza sativa) in maintaining Pi homeostasis have not been elucidated as yet.ResultsHere, the identification and expression analysis for the homologs of LPR1/2 in rice were carried out. Five homologs, hereafter referred to as OsLPR1-5, were identified in rice, which are distributed on chromosome1 over a range of 65 kb. Phylogenetic analysis grouped OsLPR1/3/4/5 and OsLPR2 into two distinct sub-clades with OsLPR3 and 5 showing close proximity. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed higher expression levels of OsLPR3-5 and OsLPR2 in root and shoot, respectively. Deficiencies of different nutrients ie, P, nitrogen (N), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) exerted differential and partially overlapping effects on the relative expression levels of the members of OsLPR family. Pi deficiency (−P) triggered significant increases in the relative expression levels of OsLPR3 and 5. Strong induction in the relative expression levels of OsLPR3 and 5 in osphr2 suggested their negative transcriptional regulation by OsPHR2. Further, the expression levels of OsLPR3 and 5 were either attenuated in ossiz1 and ospho2 or augmented in rice overexpressing OsSPX1.ConclusionsThe results from this study provided insights into the evolutionary expansion and a likely functional divergence of OsLPR family with potential roles of OsLPR3 and 5 in the maintenance of Pi homeostasis in rice.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-016-0853-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Phosphorus (P), an essential macronutrient, is often limiting in soils and affects plant growth and development
Analyses of the relative expression levels of OsLPR3 and OsLPR5 in loss-of-function mutants and transgenic rice overexpressing either OsPHR2 or OsSPX1 provided an insight into their potential roles in Pi sensing and signaling cascade
Comparative structure analysis of LPRs in Arabidopsis and rice Protein sequences of Arabidopsis Low Phosphate Root1 (LPR1)-2 were used as queries by TBLASTN search in National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database, which identified five homologous genes in the rice genome and hereafter referred to as OsLPR1-5
Summary
The identification and expression analysis for the homologs of LPR1/2 in rice were carried out. Hereafter referred to as OsLPR1-5, were identified in rice, which are distributed on chromosome over a range of 65 kb. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed higher expression levels of OsLPR3-5 and OsLPR2 in root and shoot, respectively. Deficiencies of different nutrients ie, P, nitrogen (N), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) exerted differential and partially overlapping effects on the relative expression levels of the members of OsLPR family. Pi deficiency (−P) triggered significant increases in the relative expression levels of OsLPR3 and 5. Strong induction in the relative expression levels of OsLPR3 and 5 in osphr suggested their negative transcriptional regulation by OsPHR2. The expression levels of OsLPR3 and 5 were either attenuated in ossiz and ospho or augmented in rice overexpressing OsSPX1
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