Identificación y caracterización de indicadores para evaluar la sustentabilidad ambiental en sistemas de producción agrícola en la zona del valle del municipio de Sinaloa

Abstract

Agriculture has adopted practices to face the challenges of supply and the impacts of the growth of agricultural production, which generates the degradation of natural resources, the repercussions through climate change and the loss of knowledge of conservation practices. for production, so it has been essential to promote sustainable agriculture as set out in the 2030 agenda in its Sustainable Development Goals to ensure resilient food production based on the environmental, social and economic dimensions of sustainability. The objective of the study was to identify and characterize the indicators to evaluate environmental sustainability in part of the valley of the agricultural zone of the municipality of Sinaloa. The indicators that include the control of pests, diseases and weeds, agricultural diversity and biodiversity, water management and quality and health of the soil were worked on, the sub-indicators were standardized according to their importance with respect to sustainability. The traditional agroecosystems of the municipality of Sinaloa present a use in agricultural practices according to the values of the environmental sustainability indicator, sustainable and profitable agricultural practices have been implemented in the area, such as: manual weed control and organic or organic manufacturing fertilizers industrial, diversified establishments, with crop associations and natural vegetation, own sources of seeds and soil conservation. The application of these indicators facilitates the monitoring of agricultural conservation practices that are carried out in the study area in the environmental dimension, which will allow contributing to the management and sustainable production of agricultural systems. The indicators characterized in this study will serve as a basis for knowing long-term sustainability and identifying areas of opportunity, their strengths and weaknesses, and may contribute to improving the economic and social aspects of a production system.