Identificación de áreas susceptibles de reconversión desuelos agrícolas hacia agostadero y su conservación en elejido Pánuco, Zacatecas

Abstract

Several studies done on the Panuco ejido, Zacatecas, Mexico, over the last eight years are summarized to propose areas for reconversion from agricultural to rangeland use. The most erosion prone rangeland soils are identified. Soils, vegetation and hydrology data are included in the analysis. Soils indicators are: soils classification, topography, water erosion level, organic matter content and percent of particles larger than 2 mm diameter. Vegetation indicators are: base cover and dry matter yield of herbaceous stratum. Hydrology indicators are: water erosion measurements and predictions. Using a geographical information system, geostatistical analysis and image superimposition are done. The area to reconvert was estimated at 753 ha. Plants providing high cover and aiding soil and water conservation management practices are suggested. A total of 208 ha of rangeland surface are erosion prone and require greater maintenance. On the Panuco ejido overall, bare soil has the highest erosion levels, followed by areas with revegetation treatments, and the lowest erosion level is in native vegetation in a grazing exclusion area. Annual rotational grazing using four pastures is suggested as a strategy for gradual recovery of this ecosystem.