Abstract
The amount of force that an ice sheet can apply to a vertical pile was tested by lowering a hydraulic ram device into a hole cut in an existing ice sheet. The device had a large base and shoved a relatively narrow vertical pile in a horizontal direction. Test variables were: pile widths - 1. 5 in. to 36.7 in.; pile shapes--flat, round 45 degree and 90 degree wedges; ice thickness--2.6 in. to 8.8 in.; and ram speed--0.07 in. sec. Air temperature was-6. 7 degree C. Forces and displacements were measured electronically. The findings are presented as a table of test results and as bar graphs of the resultant ice pressures versus the pile width-to-ice-thickness ratio, pile width and shape combination and pile velocity.
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