Abstract
Objective: This study was performed to analyze the modifications within adipose tissue during calorie restriction and more specifically to state whether hysteresis occurs during fat mass reduction. Method: Rats male Wistar increased their body weight by 130 g under control conditions and were then submitted to a calorie restriction (CR) at 30% or 60% of control. Experiment has been stopped when the body weight of the group CR60% returned back to its initial value. Samples of retroperitoneal adipose tissue were collected by biopsies along the study. Adipose cell size was analyzed using multisizer IV (Beckman Coulter) to determine the size distribution curves during natural growth and after calorie restriction. Results: After CR60%, body weights and adipose tissue masses were similar to the ones at the beginning of the experiment. Adipose cell size distribution curve was shifted to the left compared to the one of initial control. Adipose cell sizes were significantly lower after CR60% than those of control at the beginning of the experiment. Conclusions: These results state for the first time that hysteresis occurs in white adipose tissue after calorie restriction. The composition of adipose tissue after calorie restriction was significantly different than the one of initial control. After significant weight loss, organisms must be considered as different from the initial controls, they are most likely governed by different regulations which will have to be identified.
Highlights
White adipose tissue is the main site of energy storage as triglycerides
If the concept of hysteresis is true, after calorie restriction animals should have the same body weight, the same adipose tissues masses, but the size of adipocyte should be significantly decreased compared to the one at T0
From T2 to T3, body weight of animals submitted to 30% calorie restriction remained constant while animals submitted to 60 % calorie restriction lost 100 g [353.0 ± 25.8 g, Figure 1]
Summary
White adipose tissue is the main site of energy storage as triglycerides. It is nowadays considered as a majorHow to cite this paper: Géloën, A., Soula, H., Hadji, L. and Berger, E. (2015) Hysteresis of White Adipose Tissue. White adipose tissue is the main site of energy storage as triglycerides It is nowadays considered as a major. Numerous studies have suggested that the size of adipose cells has major incidences on their physological functions. It is the case for lipolysis [2] [3], lipogenesis activity [4], adrenoceptors expression [5], glucose metabolism [6] and adipokines secretion [7] [8]. If the concept of hysteresis is true, after calorie restriction animals should have the same body weight, the same adipose tissues masses, but the size of adipocyte should be significantly decreased compared to the one at T0. Epididymal, subcutaneous and retroperitoneal adipose tissues have been studied to state whether hysteresis occurs in different localizations
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