Abstract
Hypnotic drugs have a number of pharmacologic properties which contribute to their safety and efficacy as well as to their abuse potential. Benzodiazepines are among the safest of all depressant compounds and do not lose their effectiveness as quickly as do nonbenzodiazepine drugs. They differ in their half-lives and duration of action. Short- and intermediate-acting benzodiazepines can cause rebound insomnia and rebound anxiety in certain patients but can aid in daytime alertness in others. Long-acting benzodiazepines can impair daytime performance and cause daytime sleepiness but can be useful in minimizing withdrawal effects. Selection of a proper hypnotic should depend on the clinical situation and the needs of the patient. Principles for proper use are discussed.
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