Abstract
BackgroundIt is not clear whether elevated uric acid is a risk factor for the onset of impaired fasting glucose after stratifying by baseline fasting plasma glucose levels. We conducted a community-based retrospective longitudinal cohort study to clarify the relationship between uric acid levels and the onset of impaired fasting glucose, according to baseline fasting plasma glucose levels.MethodsWe enrolled 6,403 persons (3,194 men and 3,209 women), each of whom was 18–80 years old and had >2 annual check-ups during 2003–2010. After excluding persons who had fasting plasma glucose levels ≥6.11 mM and/or were currently taking anti-diabetic agents, the remaining 5,924 subjects were classified into quartiles according to baseline fasting plasma glucose levels. The onset of impaired fasting glucose was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥6.11 mM during the observation period.ResultsIn the quartile groups, 0.9%, 2.1%, 3.4%, and 20.2% of the men developed impaired fasting glucose, respectively, and 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, and 5.6% of the women developed impaired fasting glucose, respectively (P trend <0.001). After adjusting for age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, triacylglycerols, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, creatinine, fatty liver, family history of diabetes, alcohol consumption, and current smoking, uric acid levels were positively associated with onset of impaired fasting glucose in men with highest-quartile fasting plasma glucose levels (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.003; 95% confidence interval, 1.0001–1.005, P = 0.041).ConclusionsAmong men with high fasting plasma glucose, hyperuricemia may be independently associated with an elevated risk of developing impaired fasting glucose.
Highlights
The prevalence of diabetes has been increasing worldwide, and the total number of people with diabetes has been projected to rise from 94 million in 2003 to 333 million in 2025 [1]
Higher quartiles of fasting plasma glucose were associated with older subjects, as well as greater positive rates for metabolic and serum markers that are known to indicate metabolic disease, greater prevalence of fatty liver, and greater proportion of alcohol consumers (P,0.01 for each variable; Table 1)
The adjusted hazard ratio from Model 1 indicated a significant positive association between uric acid levels and the onset of impaired fasting glucose for the highest quartile of fasting plasma glucose
Summary
The prevalence of diabetes has been increasing worldwide, and the total number of people with diabetes has been projected to rise from 94 million in 2003 to 333 million in 2025 [1] Those who have untreated diabetes can develop multiple complications, such as diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular disease, and have reduced healthy life expectancies. With respect to glucose metabolism, some cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have found no association between uric acid levels and the risk of type 2 diabetes [5,6] but other studies have reported their association [7,8,9,10,11]. Uric acid levels are generally higher in men It is not clear whether elevated uric acid is a risk factor for the onset of impaired fasting glucose after stratifying by baseline fasting plasma glucose levels. We conducted a community-based retrospective longitudinal cohort study to clarify the relationship between uric acid levels and the onset of impaired fasting glucose, according to baseline fasting plasma glucose levels
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