Hygienic regulation of electromagnetic fields in the Russian Federation: history and current state

Abstract

The article presents in detail the history of the creation of hygienic normative documents regulating the industrial and non-industrial effects of electromagnetic fields in the Russian Federation. Systematic scientific research in the field of biological action and hygienic regulation of radio frequency electromagnetic fields in our country began at the Research Institute of Occupational Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, where in 1952 specialists created the first laboratory of electromagnetic waves of radio frequencies in the country. In the future, a number of scientific institutions of hygienic, biomedical and physico-technical profile joined these studies. Scientists have scientifically substantiated the methodology of rationing hygienic factors. Over the past period, scientists have developed about 30 documents, including the maximum permissible level of electromagnetic fields. Currently, in the Russian Federation, the main current document establishing the maximum permissible level of permanent and variable electromagnetic fields in the workplace and for the public is SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 "Hygienic standards and requirements for ensuring the safety and(or) harmlessness of environmental factors for humans". The analysis made it possible to evaluate its advantages and identify disadvantages, as well as to outline promising areas of scientific research to improve existing and develop new maximum permissible levels of electromagnetic fields created by modern sources.
 Ethics. This study did not require the conclusion of the Ethics Committee.