Abstract
The design of an optimum hydrometeorological and hydrometric station network constitutes a key factor for the collection of comprehensive and reliable hydrometeorological and flow data that are necessary both for decision making in water resources policy and management, and for the hydrometeorological risk assessment. This article describes a methodology developed in a geographic information system (GIS) using a multicriteria decision making (MCDM) approach, which combines several spatial criteria to propose suitable locations for installation of such a station network in the Sarantapotamos River Basin in the western part of the Attica Region, Greece. Through the design of two networks that meet different requirements, various aspects concerning this methodology are illustrated, such as criteria weights determination, which is a problem that arises frequently in many MCDM techniques. The criteria weights for the hydrometric station network design are estimated using both the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), while, for hydrometeorological station network design, all weights are equal. Hydrometeorological station final position selection is achieved by introducing the criteria of density and spatial distribution to the suitable locations. For hydrometric station network design, the analysis indicates that the criterion of slope mainly controls the MCDM outputs. According to station density thresholds proposed by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), an optimum hydrometeorological and hydrometric station network for the region should comprise three and two stations, respectively.
Highlights
With the aim of improving the efficient and equitable management of water resources and shielding against the effects of floods, hydrometeorological and hydrological network design is a key component with a decisive contribution toward the collection of comprehensive and reliable data
This article describes a methodology developed in a geographic information system (GIS) assisted by a multicriteria decision making (MCDM) approach, which combines a set of spatial criteria in order to propose suitable locations for such a station network installation
Regarding methodologies applied for the network design, optimization approaches are increasingly used in network design, since optimally locating hydrometric stations can be seen as a multiobjective optimization problem where several criteria need to be satisfied simultaneously (Li et al 2012)
Summary
With the aim of improving the efficient and equitable management of water resources and shielding against the effects of floods, hydrometeorological and hydrological network design is a key component with a decisive contribution toward the collection of comprehensive and reliable data. The latter technique is performed with the aim of combining a set of proposed geomorphological, technical and generally various spatial criteria, as selected considering available guidelines separately for the hydrometeorological and hydrometric station network design, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for the determination of the criteria’s weights and the linear scaling for the standardisation of the criteria’s values. The whole methodology is presented through a case study for the Sarandapotamos river basin This area extends across the administrative boundaries of three municipalities; Mandra-Eidyllia, Elefsina and Tanagra, located in the regional unit of West Attica, Central Greece (Fig. 1). Due to a catastrophic flood event that occurred in the area on November 15, 2017, the establishment of telemetric hydrometeorological stations in three critical locations has recently completed under the research activities of the FloodHub service of the Center for Earth Observation and Satellite Remote Sensing Sciences of the National Observatory of Athens (NOA 2020)
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