Abstract
The characteristics of important water-physical properties and water-balance monitoring results for Calcic Chernozems located in the zone of true steppe were provided. The differences between soil-hydrological constants in carbonated loess-like loam and organogenic horizons were established. The results of water-balance monitoring showed that the moisture has uneven distribution along the soil profile, and most of the active moisture (more than 90%) was accumulated within the range of depths from 0 to 150 cm. During the entire calendar year, the soil is characterized by a lack of moisture available to plants. There are no periods free from water deficit.
Highlights
Soil is the main natural resource owned by Ukraine
The overall porosity value increases from 34.2% in the lower part to 45.2% in the upper part of the soil profile, which is facilitated by the structure of Chernozem
The distribution of water-physical properties in the Chernozem soil in the studied area occurs in accordance with the main genetic horizons
Summary
Of the total arable land area, about 60% are located in the zone of insufficient moisture, where the lack or deficit of moisture is the leading factor limiting productivity of native ecosystems and artificial agrocenoses. Obtaining baseline values of soil moisture is possible on surface areas not used for growing crops because they reflect the features of zonal moisture. The moisture regime of watershed sites in this part of the steppe zone is formed under the influence of natural factors forming the regime mainly represented by precipitation and temperature indicators. Their interrelation and varied influence determine the diversity of hydrological conditions.
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