Abstract
Underground karst water is accessible only in two caves near Logatec town (30 km south of Ljubljana, central Slovenia); Gradišnica and Gašpinova jama caves. Water level and water temperature were continuously measured more than one year in both caves. Gradišnica and Gašpinova jama caves belong to the same karst aquifer, therefore fluctuations of water level are almost identical and simultaneous. According to our measurements, fluctuations are significant; they reach at least 50 m. In contrast, water temperature is significantly different at both locations. Mean difference is 1-2 °C, the highest measured was 5 °C. Relatively high temperature differences are due to recharge characteristics of the aquifer. It is fed by waters which have different surface origin. Water temperature in Gradišnica Cave directly reflects temperature of the surface Unica River at medium water condition. On the contrary, the Unica River influences on water temperature in Gašpinova jama Cave at the highest floods only. It happens when discharge of the surface Unica River at Haasberg exceeds 40 m3/s. Water temperature becomes similar in larger part of the aquifer between both discussed caves, at such high water conditions only. Temperature of underground water tells us much about the origin of the water, which feeds discussed caves.
Highlights
Underground karst water is accessible only in two caves near Logatec town (30 km south of Ljubljana, central Slovenia); Gradi{nica and Ga{pinova jama caves
Z zveznimi meritvami nivoja in temperature podzemne vode v izbranih jamah smo dobili nov vpogled v zna~ilnosti pretakanja podzemne vode, ki napaja izvire Ljubljanice
Temperaturne zna~ilnosti vode v Gradi{nici in Ga{pinovi jami nakazujejo povr{inski izvor vode dale~ od obeh jam
Summary
Navedena sta dva primera manj{ih poplavnih sunkov iz novembra 2006 in iz prve polovice januarja 2007. Glavni vnos vode v sistem so prinesli podzemni potoki neodvisni od podzemne Unice. Temperaturne zna~ilnosti vode v Gradi{nici in Ga{pinovi jami nakazujejo povr{inski izvor vode dale~ od obeh jam. Temperatura vode v Gradi{nici se ob poplavi ni spremenila, kar izklju~uje dotok podzemne Unice. Naslednji primer je iz prve polovice januarja 2007, tedaj je nara{~anje podzemne vode potekalo v dveh fazah (slika 3). V prvi fazi je v podzemni sistem pritekala in nara{~ala voda enakega izvora kot v novembru. Dva dotoka se o~itno med seboj slabo me{ata, zaradi ~esar v Ga{pinovi jami lokalno prevladuje tok podzemne vode neznanega izvora z druga~nimi temperaturnimi zna~ilnostmi kot tok ki priteka iz smeri Gradi{nice. Na temperaturo vode v Gradi{nici vpliva tudi hladni zrak, ki se s povr{ja spu{~a navzdol skozi vhodno brezno in ohlaja podzemno vodo
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