Hydroelectricity on Wings of Transition

Abstract

Hydroelectricity is the product of where science an d technology converge to form a functional system. Through a 130 year corridor hydroelectricit y has reached a 20% electricity generation level in the world energy matrix. Changes in techno logy and expansion in energy dependence provide the sector options to enlarge the hydropowe r resource base. Standard dam technology will remain a big sector in the hydroelectric syste m. Attention to existing systems will have its role in upgrading installed units. Another step in the sector will be the coming harnessing of tidal basins, such as La Rance (1966, France), or the Sev ern in S.W. U.K. Lowland rivers will attract bulbar turbines where the dams will be 15 to 20 met ers high on the order of flood plain inundation instead of a massive reservoir extensive resettlement requirements. New systems would open the Orinoco, Amazon, and Parana to damle ss hydropower installations. Hence, the future of hydroelectricity would correspond to the environmental needs of the 21 st century, minimal environmental stress and low cost energy. H ydroelectricity of the future furthers environmental stability and sustainability in the t errestrial context. A next step would be entering the open seas and capture wave action with adaptive hydrokinetic systems. While the world’s energy needs continue to grow, there arises the need for energy conservation via significant improvements – conservation – in mechanical energy uses, improved equipment at all levels. Hydroelectricity is an increasingly prominent component in the “network of power”, how do the world’s states reconcile the economic-environmental -societal needs and preferences?