Abstract
This paper explores the dynamic of meteorological forcing on current circulation pattern in the vicinity of Bidong using an unstructured flexible mesh hydrodynamic model. The forcings were wind, tides, temperature and salinity. The seasonal wind monsoon, mixed tides with dominant diurnal and tropical monsoon climate is characteristics of Bidong Island. We find that this area has different current circulation patterns in response to monsoon changes. It also experienced a small scale of island wake during NE monsoon. This island wake was generated by a strong northeasterly wind. We performed a series of numerical simulations based on three dominant factors in circulation, and evaluated the model using wind, tides and density. We investigated the wind-driven circulation and residual current. This study contributes to the debates on hydrodynamic of current circulation in vicinity of Bidong Island. Specifically, this study was conducted to understand the changes of currents by seasonal wind (NE monsoon and SW monsoon), temperature and salinity.
Highlights
Terengganu coast located directly facing to South China Sea (SCS)
The three-dimensional MIKE 21 FM model developed by the Danish Hydraulic Institute will use to study the hydrodynamics of the region for 2D free-surface flows
The results of the models were validated with the 4-months Acoustic Wave and Current Profiler (AWAC) current speed data recorded near shore at Terengganu coastal waters
Summary
Terengganu coast located directly facing to South China Sea (SCS). Terengganu coastal water physical properties and dynamical movements are influenced by SCS condition. Terengganu coast with a maximum depth lesser than 100 m, is a shallow shelf in the southern part of SCS. It is generally regarded to range from 4 ̊N to 6 ̊N and from 102.5 ̊E to 104.5 ̊E (see Figure 1), and it is a sloping cape along the coastline east coast Peninsula Malaysia. This region is important as it is believed to hold huge oil and gas reserves beneath its seafloor [1].
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