Abstract
Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of bio-oils, lignin and their model compounds is summarized in this review. The main emphasis is put on elucidating the reaction network, catalyst stability and time-on-stream behavior, in order to better understand the prerequisite for industrial utilization of biomass in HDO to produce fuels and chemicals. The results have shown that more oxygenated feedstock, selection of temperature and pressure as well as presence of certain catalyst poisons or co-feed have a prominent role in the HDO of real biomass. Theoretical considerations, such as density function theory (DFT) calculations, were also considered, giving scientific background for the further development of HDO of real biomass.
Highlights
Lignocellulosic biomass, which is abundant, and does not compete with the food chain, has mainly been used for production of pulp and paper via the Kraft process, in which lignin and hemicellulose have been conventionally burnt to generate energy
The research in biomass transformation to produce bio-oil via flash pyrolysis [1] and utilize different lignin fractions to produce chemicals and fuels [2,3] has been very intensive in the recent years in part due to the depleting fossil based feedstock and strive towards carbon neutral fuels and chemicals
HDO of the bio-oil prepared via fast pyrolysis of Miscanthus sinensis at 350 ◦ C and 30 bar over noble metals supported on carbon, in supercritical ethanol [30] showed deoxygenation of the heavy oil fraction of the bio-oil to 78% with the heating value of the product 27.8 MJ/kg
Summary
Lignocellulosic biomass, which is abundant, and does not compete with the food chain, has mainly been used for production of pulp and paper via the Kraft process, in which lignin and hemicellulose have been conventionally burnt to generate energy. The research in biomass transformation to produce bio-oil via flash pyrolysis [1] and utilize different lignin fractions to produce chemicals and fuels [2,3] has been very intensive in the recent years in part due to the depleting fossil based feedstock and strive towards carbon neutral fuels and chemicals. In continuous HDO of phenolic compounds deactivation of catalyst is significant, relevant literature has been described It is of utmost importance for industrial processes to know exactly the mass balances and in particular formation of various undesired side products including gaseous ones and coke. Continuous operation, catalyst reuse and deactivation will be discussed in depth in order to relate the current state-of-art more closely to industrial applicability
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
