Abstract
Special methods and means for production and use of new types of liquid composite fuels with addition of industrial wastes of various origins were developed and scientifically substantiated. The studies enabled production of composite fuels with improved physical and chemical qualities. For this purpose, a rotary cavitation device for tryout of hydrocavitational activation of fuel components was worked out. The possibility of introduction of various industrial wastes including ecologically hazardous wastes of various origins into production of composite fuels was proved. Comprehensive studies of producing and burning composite fuels with application of methods for activation of physical and chemical processes were carried out. Liquid composite fuels obtained on the basis of “classical” hydrocarbons with addition of various types of waste meet present-day energy, environmental and consumer requirements. The developed technology of burning composite fuels is helpful for solving the environmental problem of recycling industrial waste and the problem of generation of a cheaper thermal energy. The proposed technological approach is universal and applicable for utilization and neutralization of organic and mineral wastes of various origins using hydrocavitational activation methods at the stages of production and combustion of composite fuels. Theoretical studies of hydrodynamics of flow of a viscous incompressible fluid in channels of a complex shape have enabled design of new types of atomizers and hydrocavitational activators
Highlights
Literature review and problem statementRational use of non-renewable energy sources is an urgent problem. Disposal of waste from various industries is no less important
Hydrocavitational technology for production of composite fuels based on “classic” hydrocarbons and various types of waste makes it possible to cope with a complex problem
This work objective was to improve quality and efficiency of physicochemical processes of production and burning of composite fuels, which can be achieved by the use of activation and owing to the methods of mathematical and physical modeling
Summary
Rational use of non-renewable energy sources is an urgent problem. Disposal of waste from various industries is no less important. Articles [10, 11] suggested using cavitation in the processes of energy transformation These papers do not contain a comprehensive approach to solving the problem of production and reprocessing of composite fuels. Temperature and pressure in the zones of collapse of cavitation bubbles and action of cumulative jets exceed the values necessary for realization of hydrocracking processes This makes it possible to achieve formation of time-stable emulsions and suspensions and a change in the fractional composition, which enables reduction of the flash point and improvement of fuels reactivity. Improvement of existing and creation of new equipment for implementation of the method of hydrocavitational activation requires further improvement of methods for computer simulation of the liquid medium flow in channels of a complex shape and experimental studies of production and combustion of new types of composite fuels
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