Abstract

1. The trend toward convergence of optimal efficiency zones with respect to reduced rotational speed with decreasing\(n_{s_p } \) is confirmed. 2. Reverse flows in the zone between the impeller and guide apparatus and prior to the impeller determine the low level of efficiency and significant instability during the operation of a turbine with a PLG 15/984 impeller in the pump mode. 3. The effect of eddy formation and air entrapment from the surface of the tailrace on the power curve of a horizontal capsule unit in the pump mode is manifested when the depth of the impeller axis is less than 1.2D1.

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