Abstract
The ladder-shaped spillway in a certain reservoir junction is set as the engineering background in the paper. The hydraulic similarly model experiment and three-dimensional numerical simulation of hydraulic characteristics of water flow are performed. The outflow capacity, flow state analysis, velocity distribution, water surface line, pressure, and the energy dissipation rate are analyzed, and experimental results are compared with the numerical results. The conclusions demonstrate that the numerical results of the flow characteristics are very proximate to actual experimental results, the changeable law is the same, and their energy dissipation rate is basically consistent; it shows the feasibility of three-dimensional numerical simulation; the conclusions can provide the basis for the optimization about the flow state of the ladder-shaped spillway in the future.
Highlights
The ladder-shaped spillway is widely applied to the hydraulic engineering [1]
The outflow capacity, water surface line, flow velocity distribution, etc. in Zhangfeng reservoir are simulated by Li et al [8], and its results are consistent with the experimental ones [9]; the outflow capacity and water surface line of side-slot spillway are analyzed with comparison to verify the validity of hydraulic calculation by Yan et al [10]; the energy dissipation of the ladder-shaped spillway is explored based on the flow velocity by Zhang et al [11] and Shen et al [12]
The influential factors of the ladder-shaped spillway are analyzed by Zhang et al [13]; the physical model and numerical simulation are adopted by Knop and Mattioli [14] to analyze the hydraulic characteristic of the ladder-shaped spillway; the above investigations have enormously improved the development of the theory of hydraulic characteristics, and the numerical results can be verified by the experimental ones [15,16,17], so the numerical method with the experimental testing has been widely applied to model the flow state of water, especially for the spillway [18,19,20]
Summary
The ladder-shaped spillway is widely applied to the hydraulic engineering [1]. It has many virtues, for example, good energy dissipation efficiency, little engineering quantity, and low cost. In Zhangfeng reservoir are simulated by Li et al [8], and its results are consistent with the experimental ones [9]; the outflow capacity and water surface line of side-slot spillway are analyzed with comparison to verify the validity of hydraulic calculation by Yan et al [10]; the energy dissipation of the ladder-shaped spillway is explored based on the flow velocity by Zhang et al [11] and Shen et al [12]. Geofluids about the hydraulic characteristics is performed; in section 5, the numerical results are compared with experimental results; in section 6, conclusions are drawn
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