Abstract
Increasing household energy demand in the countries of the global south and the lack of conventional fuels and their high prices is forcing local authorities to look for alternatives. Based on the example of the city of Gaza, the primary renewable energy sources are large volumes of biomass, particularly waste-derived, which causes environmental and health damage, as well as abundant amounts of solar radiation. Hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) of solar and biomass is proposed, providing sustainable electrification for highly populated communities. By reviewing the literature studies on the electrification systems consisting of biomass and solar energy systems in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries, and with respect to the corresponding technologies applied, we decided to incorporate a biogas engine generator. Simulation experiments are conducted by HOMER Pro-software of the residential district average daily demand is about 1074 kWh/day, and peaks of 84.5 kWp. The grid-connected system utilises renewable resources through photovoltaic panels and a biogas generator. Pre-mathematical model to evaluate the system components capacities is provided with different zones of load profile to achieve optimum solution of the biomass contribution and reveals at least $2.30 M net present cost (NPC) and $0. 438/kWh cost of energy (CoE).
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