Humanistic Governance in Islamic Religious Education: Internalizing Child-Friendly Values to Create Violence-Free Primary Schools

This study aims to determine how the implementation of the 2013 curriculum by Islamic religious education teachers in elementary schools (SD) in Samarinda. This research is qualitative research and the point of research is in the second semester of Elementary School (SD) in Samarinda City academic year 2013/2014. The data sources used are the Islamic religious teachers in elementary school in Samarinda. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling and snowball sampling. Data collection techniques used is observation, interviews, and documentation. Testing the validity of the data include a test of credibility, transferability, dependability, and conformability. Data analysis techniques used is data reduction, data presentation, and verification.The result of the study shows that the implementation of the 2013 curriculum by Islamic religious teachers in elementary schools in Samarinda, Some of them is still not implementing the standardized processes optimally. Particularly, in the form of teaching planning administration. The problem is the lack of training 2013 curriculum, the lack of technology mastery, too much students, evaluation, and describing value for report cards, lack of cooperation between parents and teachers, the limitations of PAI books in 2013 curriculum.The results of this study concluded that the implementation of the 2013 curriculum by Islamic religious teachers in elementary schools (SD) in Samarinda is not done well and there are too much less optimal in practice.

The Elementary School Journal Volume 83, Number 2 ? 1982 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. 001 3-5984183/8302-0009$01o.00 Teachers approach their instructional tasks with a variety of perspectives and strategies that emphasize certain aspects of teaching and deemphasize others. For example, some teachers teach language skills using organized games, while other teachers teach the same skills by direct instruction. Teachers adopt different approaches to the same subject matter partly because their teaching situations differ. Their students may have different learning problems or their classrooms may have varied resources and facilities. Even in the

Islamic Religious Education in elementary schools not only serves as the teaching of religious material but also as a means to instill discipline and character in students. This research aims to analyze the role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in shaping student discipline at the Elementary School in South Sumedang District, Sumedang Regency. The method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews and observations. The results indicate that Islamic Religious Education plays a significant role in instilling discipline values through the habituation of worship practices, such as congregational prayers, exemplary behavior by teachers, and constructive advice. Collaboration between the school and parents also proves to strengthen the formation of student discipline, creating consistency between learning at school and at home. Other supporting factors include good cooperation between teachers and parents, as well as a supportive school environment. This research concludes that the integration of religious education at school and parental support at home is crucial in shaping students' disciplined character, which in turn can enhance the quality of education at the elementary level. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of character development in discipline through Islamic Religious Education, as well as the collaboration between teachers, schools, and parents to ensure the sustainability of student discipline formation in schools. These findings provide a better understanding of the development of more effective strategies or methods for Islamic Religious Education (PAI) and highlight external collaboration in the sustainable formation of student discipline.

The objective of this paper is to utilize a mixer methodology, which consists of two parts: a literature review and field studies. The theme of this paper is Islamic Education Cultural Management, and it discusses the history, conception, and management of transformative Islamic education actualization. There are three critical questions addressed in this paper. First, what does the concept of Cultural Management of Islamic Education in Islam entail Second, what is the history and conception of Islamic religious education management, Islam, and transformative culture in Indonesia. Third, what is the contribution of Islamic education management in a transformative Islamic culture in the Islamic education space in Indonesia, where teacher supervision is an integral process. Additionally, culture is an essential part of the local community and cannot be separated from the community's language. The transmission of culture, often referred to as local knowledge, is commonly achieved through the oral retelling of stories across generations. Islamic religious education is founded on principles of truth and nobility, advocating for the rejection of fictitious notions and the avoidance of inappropriate conduct or influence. The significance of Islamic religious leadership education lies in the ease with which it instills moral values and ethics, while also addressing the emotional and cognitive realms of the human experience. Furthermore, this education must be integrated with the cultural and touristic aspects of a region in a cohesive and synchronized manner, while staying true to the unique characteristics of the area.

The objective of this paper is to utilize a mixer methodology, which consists of two parts: a literature review and field studies. The theme of this paper is Islamic Education Cultural Management, and it discusses the history, conception, and management of transformative Islamic education actualization. There are three critical questions addressed in this paper. First, what does the concept of Cultural Management of Islamic Education in Islam entail Second, what is the history and conception of Islamic religious education management, Islam, and transformative culture in Indonesia. Third, what is the contribution of Islamic education management in a transformative Islamic culture in the Islamic education space in Indonesia, where teacher supervision is an integral process. Additionally, culture is an essential part of the local community and cannot be separated from the community's language. The transmission of culture, often referred to as local knowledge, is commonly achieved through the oral retelling of stories across generations. Islamic religious education is founded on principles of truth and nobility, advocating for the rejection of fictitious notions and the avoidance of inappropriate conduct or influence. The significance of Islamic religious leadership education lies in the ease with which it instills moral values and ethics, while also addressing the emotional and cognitive realms of the human experience. Furthermore, this education must be integrated with the cultural and touristic aspects of a region in a cohesive and synchronized manner, while staying true to the unique characteristics of the area.

Education is one of the main pillars in the development of a nation. In the era of globalization and the advancement of information technology, the role of digital technology in education is becoming increasingly important. The utilization of digital technology has opened new opportunities in learning, including in the context of religious education. Islam, as the foundation of morals and ethics in life, plays a central role in the education of children, including in Elementary Schools (SD). Educators who can effectively utilize digital technology have the potential to create more profound and interactive learning experiences, as well as to assist in shaping the character of children from an early age. This research aims to explore and analyze how digital technology can be optimized in the context of Islamic religious education at the elementary school level, particularly in the preparation of elementary school teacher candidates. It is hoped that effective strategies can be identified to integrate Islamic values with the development of digital technology, thereby improving the quality of Islamic religious education in elementary schools and preparing elementary school teacher candidates to innovate in their teaching practices. This literature review will employ a descriptive-analytical approach to investigate the utilization of digital technology in Islamic religious education for Elementary School (SD) teacher candidates. This approach will enable the researcher to explore and analyze relevant information from existing text and literature sources. The conclusion of this research indicates that Islamic religious education in Elementary School (SD) plays a central role in shaping the character, morality, and Islamic values of students from an early age. Elementary school teachers have a significant responsibility as facilitators of learning and positive role models, integrating Islamic values with digital technology to make education more effective and engaging.

Islamic Religious and Character Education (hereafter PAI) textbooks are part of an important means of teaching character values, including tolerance. Some cases of intolerance are still common in Indonesia and are even associated with Islamic religious education in schools. Therefore, there is a need to review Islamic religious education in schools. This study examines the PAI materials that include tolerance learning in Islamic religious education textbooks at the 7th, 8th, and 9th grade junior high school levels. This research is important so that in the future, tolerance learning materials can be provided to students in accordance with the portions. This study uses a literature review with a qualitative approach that analyzes the content of Islamic Religious and Character Education textbooks published by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Independent Curriculum (7th and 8th grade books) and the Revised 2013 Curriculum (9th grade books). The data obtained are then collected and analyzed using the content analysis method. The data analysis techniques in this study used 3 data analysis steps, namely: data reduction, data display, and data verification. This study shows whether there is tolerance learning in Islamic Religious Education and Character Education textbooks or not. The results of the study show that the Islamic Religious Education and Character Education textbooks at the junior high school level strongly promote tolerance.

This article aims to reveal the concept of learning Islamic religious education in elementary schools. In its development, elementary school-age children have their own characteristics, where their thinking skills develop gradually. This needs to be understood wisely in order to deliver the success of educational goals. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with the library research method. The results of the study show that Islamic religious education in elementary schools has its own uniqueness. If in the past children's thinking power was still imaginative and egocentric, then in this period their thinking power has developed towards concrete, rational, and objective thinking. The scope of Islamic religious education studies includes the Qur'an, faith, morals, fiqh/worship, and Islamic cultural history. Educational methods that can be applied refer to the Quranic method, such as the amtsal method, the qishah method, the ibrah mauidzah method, the hiwar jadali method, the uswah hasanah method, and the targhib tarhib method. In addition, Islamic religious education can be carried out verbally or nonverbal, written or non-written, which aims to measure the intellectual, social, and spiritual competence of students. Thus, Islamic religious education is expected to be able to produce human beings who always strive to perfect faith, piety, and morals, and actively build Islamic civilization.

This study aimed to: Know the professional competence of Islamic Religious Education teachers in elementary schools in West Palu District and the role of the Islamic Religious Education Teacher Working Group in improving the professional competence of Islamic Religious Education teachers in elementary schools in West Palu District. This type of research is qualitative descriptive research. Data collection methods used are observation, interviews, documentation, data processing techniques, and data analysis through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate the professional competence of Islamic Religious Education teachers in elementary schools in West Palu District based on indicators of teacher professional competence. The professional competence of Islamic Religious Education teachers still needs to be improved to make it more optimal. This fact can be seen from the Islamic Religious Education teachers in West Palu District elementary school who can plan lessons, can master the material and develop the material, are able to develop professionalism, and are able to evaluate learning. However, Islamic Religious Education teachers in elementary schools in West Palu District have yet to make maximum use of technology. The role of the teacher working group in increasing the professional competence of Islamic Religious Education teachers in West Palu elementary school can be seen in the intensity of the activities carried out, such as activities to broaden insight and knowledge, realize effective learning, and develop the quality of professionalism of Islamic religious education teachers.

This article explains the reasons for Islamic religious education in elementary schools. Elementary school-age children's thinking abilities develop gradually. To achieve success in educational goals, they must be understood wisely. Descriptive qualitative methods were used in this research. In other words, descriptive analysis is used to collect, organize, and interpret data. The research results show that Islamic religious education in elementary schools differs greatly. If children think imaginatively at first, they become more rational and objective. The study of Islamic religion includes the Koran, creed, morals, fiqh or worship, and the history of Islamic culture. The educational methods that can be applied are Qur'anic education methods, including the install, qishah, ibrah mauidzah, hiwar jadali, uswah hasanah, and targhib tarhib methods. Islamic religious education, on the other hand, can be provided verbally or non-verbally, written or written, and is intended to measure intellectual, social, and spiritual competence. Therefore, it is hoped that Islamic religious education will produce individuals who continue to improve their faith, piety, and morals while actively building Islamic civilization daily.

Islamic Religious Education and moral education play a strategic role as key pillars in shaping the character of elementary school students to face increasingly complex contemporary challenges. Both function not merely as a transmission of normative knowledge, but also as essential instruments for instilling fundamental values such as honesty, responsibility, and empathy in everyday life. Through a literature-based study reviewing various academic journals and scholarly references, this study finds that the integration of religious and moral education within the formal education system constitutes a crucial foundation for students’ character development. The analysis indicates that strengthening these two aspects in an integrated manner has a significant impact, particularly on improving students’ moral conduct, discipline, and awareness of social responsibility. Therefore, strong synergy is required among educational institutions, the role of teachers as role models, and the family environment as the primary foundation to ensure that moral and spiritual values are optimally internalized in the educational process. Thus, this article emphasizes that Islamic religious and moral education in elementary schools plays an important role in shaping a young generation that is religious, possesses noble character, and is ready to become a pillar of the nation by contributing positively to society and the wider world.

Learning Islamic religious education can not be separated from the results of learning or assessment. The assessment of Islamic religious education subjects did not describe students' attitudes. This study aims to assess attitudes toward Islamic religious education in elementary schools. This study used the descriptive qualitative method. Sources of data obtained from primary data and secondary data. Primary data are from 19th-grade and 5th-grade students.Meanwhile, secondary data includes principals, teachers, parents, and classmates. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. The collected data will be processed using inductive qualitative analysis through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing or verification. The study results reveal that Islamic religious education is less successful because parents still view that schools only carry out the task of educating children. Parental attention to children is only in the form of fulfilling material needs such as clothing, food, and board needs. At the same time, the problem of moral formation and development is left entirely to the school. In addition, because it underestimates the existence of Islamic religious education lessons, it is a lesson that is not too important and easy to learn without having to think.

Background : Cases of physical and non-physical violence against children in schools are increasing, violating legal, social, cultural, and religious norms. In response, the Ministry of Education and Culture launched the Child-Friendly School initiative to create an educational environment prioritizing safety, comfort, and inclusivity. Islamic religious education aligns with this initiative by emphasizing moral behavior, respect, and prohibiting harmful actions such as bullying and discrimination. Research objectives: This study aims to formulate the concept of implementing child-friendly schools from the perspective of Islamic religious education in elementary schools in North Kalimantan. Methods: Using a qualitative descriptive method, data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation involving 10 school principals, 15 Islamic religious education (PAI) teachers, and 30 students from elementary schools in Bulungan, Tarakan, and Tana Tidung regions. The findings reveal six main elements: (1) conducive and religious learning atmosphere, (2) adequate facilities, (3) exemplary and quality teachers, (4) integration of local cultural content in the curriculum, (5) a safe and peaceful school environment, and (6) active involvement of parents and school committees. Conclusion: A combination of Islamic teachings and local cultural wisdom fosters a holistic child-friendly school model. The integration of Islamic values with child-friendly school principals enhances inclusivity and emotional well-being. This study introduces a context-specific integration of religious and cultural values into child-friendly school frameworks. Theoretically, it expands the understanding of child-friendly education through an Islamic perspective. Practically, it offers actionable guidelines for sustainable implementation. Socially, it emphasizes collaboration between schools, parents, and communities.

The purpose of this article is to emphasize the importance of practice or habituation, in addition to invoke students to live Islamic way. Habituation of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in elementary schools is an actualization of student character building since an early age. In addition to teachers, supervisors also have a strategic role for improving the quality of PAI through habituation programs, because they can coordinate directly with two relevant agencies: The Ministry of Religious Affairs and The Education and Cultural Office. The methods used in this study are participatory observation, interviews, and literature review to support the main data. The results show that the role of PAI Supervisors in habituation is to motivate, to facilitate, as well as to be a partner for finding solutions towards the obstacles faced by Islamic Religious Education teachers in schools. It can be concluded that the supervisor as a Quality Assurance of Islamic Religious Education in elementary schools must support teachers to be able to manage the habituation proportionally, to encourage stakeholders, to integrate it with all school elements, and to complement the facilities as well as infrastructures which are still unevenly maintained by the elementary schools.

This study aims to analyze the improvement of learning outcomes in Islamic Religious Education and Character Education (PAI and BP), specifically the material of QS. Al Maun and "Living Spaciously by Sharing," through the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model. This study uses a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach with the Kemmis and McTaggart spiral model consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages in each action cycle. The study was conducted in three cycles with elementary school students as subjects. The results showed that the application of the Problem Based Learning model succeeded in improving student learning outcomes significantly. Before the action was carried out, the average student score only reached 68.4 with a learning completion of 43.4%. After the implementation of PBL in Cycle I, the average score increased to 76.8 with a completion of 65.2%. In Cycle II, the average score increased again to 83.7 with a completion of 82.6%, and reached optimal results in Cycle III with an average score of 89.5 and a learning completion of 95.6%. In addition to improving cognitive aspects, this study also demonstrated positive changes in students' social activities and attitudes. Students became more active in discussions, expressed their opinions confidently, were able to work collaboratively in groups, and developed a stronger sense of responsibility throughout the learning process. The use of contextual problems, interactive media, and role-sharing within groups were proven to improve students' learning motivation and communication skills. Furthermore, students demonstrated increased empathy, social awareness, and a spirit of sharing, in line with the values ​​contained in QS. Al-Ma'un. Thus, the Problem-Based Learning model is effective in improving learning outcomes while optimally shaping students' social character. The contribution of this study is to provide an innovative learning model based on Problem-Based Learning that is effective in improving learning outcomes, collaborative skills, and developing students' social character in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) and Islamic Religious Education (BP) in elementary schools. Keywords: problem-based learning, QS. Al-Ma'un, social awareness