Abstract
Human prostate cancer is a complex heterogeneous disease that mainly affects elder male population of the western world with a high rate of mortality. Acquisitions of diverse sets of hallmark capabilities along with an aberrant functioning of androgen receptor signaling are the central driving forces behind prostatic tumorigenesis and its transition into metastatic castration resistant disease. These hallmark capabilities arise due to an intense orchestration of several crucial factors, including deregulation of vital cell physiological processes, inactivation of tumor suppressive activity and disruption of prostate gland specific cellular homeostasis. The molecular complexity and redundancy of oncoproteins signaling in prostate cancer demands for concurrent inhibition of multiple hallmark associated pathways. By an extensive manual curation of the published biomedical literature, we have developed Human Prostate Cancer Hallmarks Map (HPCHM), an onco-functional atlas of human prostate cancer associated signaling and events. It explores molecular architecture of prostate cancer signaling at various levels, namely key protein components, molecular connectivity map, oncogenic signaling pathway map, pathway based functional connectivity map etc. Here, we briefly represent the systems level understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with prostate tumorigenesis by considering each and individual molecular and cell biological events of this disease process.
Highlights
Human prostate cancer is a complex heterogeneous disease that mainly affects elder male population of the western world with a high rate of mortality
Human Prostate Cancer Hallmarks Map (HPCHM) is a manually constructed onco-functional atlas of human prostate tumorigenesis and is inherently based on classic cancer hallmarks concepts. It covers molecular signaling maps of most of the major cellular and pathogenic mechanisms implicated in prostate cancer progression, including 13 cancer hallmarks (10 classical & 3 prostate cancer unique hallmarks) and 11 cell biological feature based phenomenon (Table 1)
There is an actual need for identification of potential molecular targets and global molecular signaling map in the context of human prostate tumorigenesis, progression and treatment resistance[7,26]
Summary
Human prostate cancer is a complex heterogeneous disease that mainly affects elder male population of the western world with a high rate of mortality. Acquisitions of diverse sets of hallmark capabilities along with an aberrant functioning of androgen receptor signaling are the central driving forces behind prostatic tumorigenesis and its transition into metastatic castration resistant disease. These hallmark capabilities arise due to an intense orchestration of several crucial factors, including deregulation of vital cell physiological processes, inactivation of tumor suppressive activity and disruption of prostate gland specific cellular homeostasis. It could be assumed that an intertwined relationship between various cancer hallmarks most intrinsically strengthen the enemy’s resources[1,2]
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