Abstract
Background Adenoviruses are highly contagious pathogens which cause respiratory disease particularly in children; they may induce severe disease in infants. Human neutrophil peptides (HNPs) have been found to exhibit antiadenoviral activity. Thus, we have investigated HNPs in nasal aspirates (NAs) of children suffering from adenoviral common cold. Objective To investigate the release of HNP-1–4 in adenovirus infection and the relationship with self-limiting upper respiratory tract infections. Methods Nasal aspirate samples (n=14) were obtained from children (aged 6–12 years) infected with adenovirus between June 2012 and December 2015. Control samples were taken 4 weeks after infection when the children were asymptomatic. Levels of HNPs were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results There were increased levels of HNP-1, -3, and -4, but not HNP-2, in nasal aspirates (NAs) during adenovirus infections compared to healthy specimens (p ≤ 0.01). Moreover, there was also increase in the neutrophil count, which is a known cell source of HNPs. Conclusion Our finding supports the involvement of HNP-1, -3, and -4 in naturally occurring cold in children infected with adenovirus. Because of their known antiviral properties, it is tempting to hypothesize that HNPs might play a protective role in adenovirus-induced respiratory disease; however, this remains to be shown.
Highlights
Viral respiratory infections in children have become a medical concern and pose financial burden around the world [1, 2]
Bastian and Schafer demonstrated that Human neutrophil peptide (HNP)-1 significantly reduced adenovirus type 5 infections of 293 cells, as compared to the normal [17]. is study investigates the presence of HNP-1–4 in nasal aspirates derived from children with naturally occurring adenovirus respiratory infections during symptomatic and asymptomatic episodes
nasal aspirates (NAs) were obtained from all the children during the acute respiratory infection and when asymptomatic
Summary
Adenoviruses are highly contagious pathogens which cause respiratory disease in children; they may induce severe disease in infants. Us, we have investigated HNPs in nasal aspirates (NAs) of children suffering from adenoviral common cold. Nasal aspirate samples (n 14) were obtained from children (aged 6–12 years) infected with adenovirus between June 2012 and December 2015. Ere were increased levels of HNP-1, -3, and -4, but not HNP-2, in nasal aspirates (NAs) during adenovirus infections compared to healthy specimens (p ≤ 0.01). Our finding supports the involvement of HNP-1, -3, and -4 in naturally occurring cold in children infected with adenovirus. Because of their known antiviral properties, it is tempting to hypothesize that HNPs might play a protective role in adenovirus-induced respiratory disease; this remains to be shown
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