Abstract
The 2021 Fourth Annual Gansu Baiyin mountain ultramarathon was an immense tragedy in which 21 marathoners were killed due to extreme weather. Recent trends in hosting outdoor sporting events in tourist attractions have played an important role to expand the Chinese tourist market. Although the risk of frequent accidents is recognized, outdoor sporting events still need more scholarly attention because of the different causation in each incident. This paper seeks to investigate the use of a system-based technique for accident analysis, which is the AcciMap approach by Rasmussen (1997). Several attempts have been made to adopt the AcciMap approach in the outdoor recreation domain, which was acknowledged as applicable so far. The findings have shown that the AcciMap approach is suitable for investigating severe incidents that happened in outdoor sporting events. The analysis conforms to the statement that multiple factors are interacted to cause an accident. Moreover, this study illustrates how those factors lead to the outcome, which provides insights for examining associations between them. In conclusion, suggestions on risk management for hosting future outdoor sporting events in tourists attractions are discussed, in the hope of preventing similar events from occurring and calling for a better combination of sport and tourism.
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