How is maximal expiratory flow reduced in canine postpneumonectomy lung growth?

Abstract

Six dogs underwent left pneumonectomy (P) at 10 wk of age, while four littermates had a sham operation (C). All dogs were studied at 26 wk of age. Pressure capsules were placed on the right lung to measure lobar alveolar pressures and flows, and a Pitot-static tube was used to measure dynamic intrabronchial pressures. Vital capacity and lung elastic recoil did not differ between P and C. At all lung volumes studied, maximum expiratory flows (Vmax) in P were substantially lower than in C. Choke points in P were located more peripherally than in C. In central airways subjected to the same distending pressure, calculated cross-sectional area was significantly lower in P than in C, indicating different bronchial area-pressure behavior. In P, frictional resistances of the right lower, middle, and cardiac lobes were significantly higher than those in C. These results indicate that the reduction in Vmax in P was greater than would have been expected on the basis of reductions in central airway diameter alone. We calculated that, in the middle vital capacity range, approximately 60% of the decrease in Vmax was due to changes in dynamic central airways properties, and approximately 40% was due to increased lobar frictional resistance related to compensatory growth.