Abstract
Many students suffer from academic stress and uncivil behaviors at colleges and there is a need to identify to what extent these negative phenomena might impact students’ mental health. The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between incivility, academic stress, and psychological health, as well as investigate the moderating role of gratitude. The study design of this research is cross-sectional. The final sample consisted of 895 university students in China; The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 was utilized to conduct statistical analysis. Sample t-tests were used to examine whether there were gender differences in terms of four continuous variables: incivility, stress, gratitude, and psychological wellbeing. We also used multiple hierarchical linear regression analysis to test the relationships between the aforementioned four variables and the moderating effect of gratitude. The results of our study indicate that academic stress and incivility are positively associated with psychological distress, and gratitude moderates the relationship between incivility and psychological distress. However, no significant moderating effect of gratitude was found in the relationship between academic stress and psychological distress.
Highlights
The problems of psychological distress are prevalent across the globe and have been the major causes of disproportionately higher rates of disability and mortality [1]
We found that a significant effect of stress in both Model 2 (β = 0.46, p < 0.01) and Model 3 (β = 0.46, p < 0.01) revealed that students experience more psychological distress issues under high academic stress
It was identified that gratitude moderates the relationship between incivility and psychological distress
Summary
The problems of psychological distress are prevalent across the globe and have been the major causes of disproportionately higher rates of disability and mortality [1]. As a set of painful mental and physical symptoms, psychological distress includes anxiety, confused emotions, hallucinations, and depression [2]. Of non-fatal disease burdens worldwide and 10% of overall disease burdens, including death and disability [3]. The problems of psychological distress are especially prominent among college students, as they are more vulnerable to psychological disorders [5]. In China alone, about 20% of college students suffer from various forms of mental problems, such as depression, anxiety, and stress [6]. Psychological distress of college students has become an issue of utmost concern worldwide [7]
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