Abstract
BackgroundThough breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Kerala, India, epidemiological data on breast cancer in the state is largely lacking. The objectives of this study were to analyze the survival pattern of female breast carcinoma in this region of the country and to compare the differences in survival with different hormone-receptor expressions.MethodsOne hundred eighty-nine female breast cancer patients who were operated between 1 August 2008 and 3 July 2009 were followed up over telephone to obtain data on five-year survival. Grade, stage of the disease, and hormone-receptor (HR) status were obtained from treatment records. Logistic regression and the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe mean age of the study population was 49.07 (SD, 10.35) years. A majority of the patients had estrogen receptor (ER)+/progesterone receptor (PR) + tumors (n = 103, 54.5%), followed by 72 (38.1%) ER−/PR−, 10 (5.3%) ER−/PR+, and 4 (2.1%) ER+/PR−. Stage of the disease, axillary nodal status, and hormone-receptor status showed statistically significant association with overall survival in breast cancer. Overall survival rate at the end of 5 years was 71.4%. Mortality was found to be highest for the ER − PR − group (47.2%).ConclusionsWomen in Kerala are diagnosed with breast carcinoma at a relatively younger age, yet the overall five-year survival for the disease is low when compared to developed nations. It is imperative that comprehensive breast cancer screening and treatment strategies be developed to enable earlier diagnosis and improve the survival of breast cancer in the state.
Highlights
Though breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Kerala, India, epidemiological data on breast cancer in the state is largely lacking
Five-year survival at the end of the study period was obtained from follow-up records for those who were on regular follow-up and was confirmed by contacting the patients or their relatives over telephone
One hundred eighty-nine female patients with invasive ductal breast cancer were included in the study
Summary
Though breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Kerala, India, epidemiological data on breast cancer in the state is largely lacking. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in many regions of India [1,2,3]. It is highly heterogeneous, with a wide range of biological, pathological, and clinical characteristics [4]. Hormone receptors (estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR)) greatly influence clinical outcome, and their role as a prognostic and therapeutic tool is widely accepted [5,6]. Though the incidence of breast cancer in Kerala has been steadily mounting, data on epidemiology and survival of breast cancer in the state is scarce. The objectives of this study were to analyze the survival pattern of female breast carcinoma in this region of the country and to compare the differences in survival with different hormone-receptor expressions.
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