Abstract
Background. Extra-mammary Paget’s disease (EMPD) is a rare neoplasm of epithelial origin, whose precise incidence is not clear. Starting from what is already known, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate in male and female patients the immunohistochemical expression of biological markers that could serve as potential prognostic/therapeutic factors, including only human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu), Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), and Androgen Receptor (AR). Methods. A literature search was performed of the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for English-language studies published from January 2000 to June 2020. Results. A total of 27 studies with 713 patients assessed the role of HER2/neu, AR, ER, and PR expression in male and female with EMPD. The overall rate of HER2/neu expression was 30%, the expression’s rate for ER and AR was 13% and 40%, respectively, and the overall rate for PR was 8%. The subgroup analysis revealed that there is a different expression of molecular markers between male and female patients. Conclusions. This study revealed that AR status and HER2/neu overexpression/amplification have been shown as two fundamental pathogenetic pathways in both female and male patients affected by EMPD.
Highlights
Extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) was first described by Crocker in 1889 in a man affected from bladder carcinoma and presented with an eczematous lesion involving the penoscrotal region, that was diagnosed as Paget disease in an extramammary site [1]
This study revealed that Androgen Receptor (AR) status and HER2/neu overexpression/amplification have been shown as two fundamental pathogenetic pathways in both female and male patients affected by Extra-mammary Paget’s disease (EMPD)
Being aware that at present the need of a tailored treatment for EMPD is a critical clinical goal, but its concrete availability is still too far to achieve, we reviewed the current literature in order to study the impact of IHC expression in vulvar Paget’s disease (VPD) and EMPD in both genders of biological markers that could serve as potential prognostic/therapeutic factors, including human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu), Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), and Androgen Receptor (AR)
Summary
Extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) was first described by Crocker in 1889 in a man affected from bladder carcinoma and presented with an eczematous lesion involving the penoscrotal region, that was diagnosed as Paget disease in an extramammary site [1]. Starting from what is already known, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate in male and female patients the immunohistochemical expression of biological markers that could serve as potential prognostic/therapeutic factors, including only human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu), Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), and Androgen Receptor (AR). A total of 27 studies with 713 patients assessed the role of HER2/neu, AR, ER, and PR expression in male and female with EMPD. The subgroup analysis revealed that there is a different expression of molecular markers between male and female patients. This study revealed that AR status and HER2/neu overexpression/amplification have been shown as two fundamental pathogenetic pathways in both female and male patients affected by EMPD
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