Abstract
The purpose of this study is to contribute to an understanding of social identity and its transformation in the Sudanese context. The focus is on the religious intelligentsia, the Islamic leadership of the northern Sudan. The hypothesis presented here is that the Islamic leadership was enabled by circumstances of socioeconomic change, political upheaval, and colonial conquest between the 16th and 19th centuries to synthesize cultural materials and historical interpretations into a mythic charter of membership in the Islamic and Arab world and to effect the adoption of the latter as an exclusive social ideology. The primary focus is on the Gezira, between the Blue and White Niles, the economic and political heartland of the Funj empire and of the colony of Egyptian Sudan.
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