Abstract
The HLA class II polymorphism of 254 healthy unrelated Omanis was analyzed by PCR-SSP method, and the detected frequencies were compared to those reported in 20 other populations. The most frequent HLA class II DRB1 alleles were DRB1*16, DRB1*03 and DRB1*15 with frequencies of 0.315, 0.224 and 0.106 respectively, while the most frequent DQB1 alleles were DQB1*05 and DQB1*02 with frequencies of 0.366 and 0.283 respectively. The haplotype analysis revealed that DRB1*03-DQB1*02 was the most common HLA class II haplotype with linkage disequilibrium (a frequency of 0.206). Compared with other populations, our result, deduced from the analysis of genetic distances and the construction of neighbour joining dendrogram, indicates that Omanis are related to Mediterranean and West-Asian populations. This fact might be explained by several historic and socio-geographic factors if we consider on the long history of this population.
Highlights
The HLA system is the most polymorphic genetic system described in humans and consists of several closely linked loci [1,2,3,4]
Hardy-Weinberg test analysis showed that all alleles at the DRB1 and DQB1 loci are in equilibrium (p values are, respectively, 0.27 and 0.13)
HLA class II allele frequencies: The allele analysis showed the presence of 11 variants at the HLA-DRB1 locus of which DRB1*16 and DRB1*03 were the most frequent in Omanis (Table 2)
Summary
The HLA system is the most polymorphic genetic system described in humans and consists of several closely linked loci [1,2,3,4]. Others non-HLA genes and pseudogenes have been reported of which some loci were grouped in a third HLA class (HLA class III) [1]. More than 9,000 alleles characterising HLA polymorphism have been documented in the IMGT/HLA database (release 3.9.0) of which 1,122 alleles (14.3%) were described in the most recent common and well-documented HLA alleles catalogue [6]. It had been reported that some HLA alleles and haplotypes are frequent only in specific populations due to several social and historic factors [9]
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