Abstract
Most HIV-1 tropism studies have involved non-A subtypes. Our aim was to study the prevalence of R5- and non-R5-tropic HIV-1 variants and the tropism occurrence relative to the CD4 counts, treatment...
Highlights
To gain entry into target cell, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) must bind to the CD4 receptor and in addition to either the CCR5 or to the CXCR4 co-receptor
We suggest that CCR5-antagonists could be used in both naïve and experienced patients in Russia after determination of HIV tropism
Non-Trofile or Enhanced Sensitivity Trofile Assay (ESTA)-supported methodology was used in this study, the observed differences might have been due to circulating in Russia HIV-1 subtype A, which is genetically distinct from subtype A widespread in the rest of the world (Bobkova, 2013)
Summary
To gain entry into target cell, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) must bind to the CD4 receptor and in addition to either the CCR5 or to the CXCR4 co-receptor. Viruses that exclusively use the CCR5 or CXCR4 co-receptor are described as R5 or X4 viruses, respectively, whereas those that can use both receptors or mixtures of R5- and X4-variants are described as R5X4 viruses. This difference in selectivity has been used in CCR5 antagonist development. Maraviroc was registered in Russian Federation in 2011. This drug was recommended for HIV-infected patients who had previously received antiretroviral therapy (ARV) and who had been found to carry R5-viruses (Kravchenko, 2012). It is necessary to confirm that the infecting virus only binds CCR5 (Poveda et al, 2012) before administering maraviroc-containing therapies
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