History of Agrophysics: Journal Version of the Book "N. F. Bondarenko" (Part 4.1)

This issue contains two highly technical papers on fault prediction and model checking. Non-negative sparse-based SemiBoost for software defect prediction, by Tiejian Wang, Zhiwu Zhang, Xiaoyuan Jing, and Yanli Liu, presents a novel semi-supervised learning technique to predict where faults could be in software. (Recommended by Giuliano Antoniol.) Past-Free[ze] reachability analysis: Reaching further with DAG-directed exhaustive state-space analysis, by Ciprian Teodorov, Luka Le Roux, Zoé Drey, and Philippe Dhaussy, presents a new algorithm to perform reachability analysis in model checkers that significantly reduces the state-space explosion problem. (Recommended by Ronald Olsson.) In a previous editorial, I set out STVR's policy on extending conference papers to journal submissions [May 2016]. The major requirements are that the journal version must have at least 30% new material, the journal version must include a citation to the conference paper, and the journal version must discuss the conference paper and summarize the new material. Here I suggest some practical guidelines for how to do the extension. If the same title is used, then you would have two papers with the same title. That is confusing to everybody who reads or references either paper. If the same abstract is used, then no reader (reviewer or otherwise) will believe the journal submission is different. Don't just add a few sentences, rewrite the whole thing! It might be possible to just have one of (3) or (4), not both, but from my experience, it would be very hard to get that through the reviewers. Many times I have seen papers extended with only a new idea, and the reviewers almost invariably ask for a major revision, with an empirical evaluation required. Likewise, if a paper extends the experiment without adding a new theory or idea, the reviewers are very likely to respond by saying “nothing new, reject.” That is, a stronger experiment (more subjects, more rigorous analysis, etc.) may increase our confidence in the conclusions, but if the conclusions are unchanged, it's very hard to convince the reviewers to publish the new version. Several other things should be changed as well. I suggest throwing out the old introduction, outlining a new introduction, and then writing it completely from a blank page. Again, if the reviewers have read the introduction before, you are almost asking them to reject the paper on the basis of not enough new material. Add additional related work. Add a lot of additional related work! Conference papers are almost always limited to 8 to 10 pages, and we often make our related work section as short as possible to leave room for the “good stuff” (our ideas). With a journal version, you have much more space to write, so use it. Journal reviewers are much more likely to criticize not having enough references than having too many references. Add more examples and explanations. Add more data in the form of tables and figures. Reflect on all the hard decisions you made when forcing the conference paper into a small box, and put some of that material back in. The editor or reviewers will do a side-by-side comparison of the conference and journal papers. You want it to look as if the conference paper was the primitive or immature version, and the journal paper is all grown up. You emphatically do not want the journal version to look like the same paper with a few sentences added here and there. Finally, rewrite everything. Clean up the writing, polish the sentence structure, check the grammar and punctuation again, and edit, edit, edit. My favorite writing teacher told me there are no great writers, just great editors. I want to thank Rob Hierons for discussions leading to this editorial, and many students for helping me refine these suggestions.

BackgroundThe current COVID-19 crisis underscores the importance of preprints, as they allow for rapid communication of research results without delay in review. To fully integrate this type of publication into library information systems, we developed preview: a publicly available, central search engine for COVID-19–related preprints, which clearly distinguishes this source from peer-reviewed publications. The relationship between the preprint version and its corresponding journal version should be stored as metadata in both versions so that duplicates can be easily identified and information overload for researchers is reduced.ObjectiveIn this work, we investigated the extent to which the relationship information between preprint and corresponding journal publication is present in the published metadata, how it can be further completed, and how it can be used in preVIEW to identify already republished preprints and filter those duplicates in search results.MethodsWe first analyzed the information content available at the preprint servers themselves and the information that can be retrieved via Crossref. Moreover, we developed the algorithm Pre2Pub to find the corresponding reviewed article for each preprint. We integrated the results of those different resources into our search engine preVIEW, presented the information in the result set overview, and added filter options accordingly.ResultsPreprints have found their place in publication workflows; however, the link from a preprint to its corresponding journal publication is not completely covered in the metadata of the preprint servers or in Crossref. Our algorithm Pre2Pub is able to find approximately 16% more related journal articles with a precision of 99.27%. We also integrate this information in a transparent way within preVIEW so that researchers can use it in their search.ConclusionsRelationships between the preprint version and its journal version is valuable information that can help researchers finding only previously unknown information in preprints. As long as there is no transparent and complete way to store this relationship in metadata, the Pre2Pub algorithm is a suitable extension to retrieve this information.

Reporting of funding and conflicts of interest improved from preprints to peer-reviewed publications of biomedical research

Abstract:This article describes an experiment that observed the effects of dialogue journaling through electronic mail on the language produced by learners of Spanish as a second language, compared with the paper‐and‐pencil version of the technique. The authors statistically analyzed the quality and quantity of discourse generated via the electronic and the traditional (i.e., paper‐and‐pencil) medium. The primary objective was to determine whether the use of electronic mail had any effect on grammatical accuracy, appropriate use of vocabulary, and language productivity. In addition, the participants completed a written survey at the end of the semester that elicited their opinions of the program's effectiveness. It was found that the electronic version of dialogue journals had a significantly positive effect on the amount of language generated by the students, and that it improved students' attitude towards learning and practicing the target language. However, the electronic version of dialogue journals did not seem to pose any significant advantage over the paper‐and‐pencil version with regard to lexical and grammatical accuracy.

Nowadays, many studies discuss scholarly publishing and associated challenges, but the problem of hijacked journals has been neglected. Hijacked journals are cloned websites that mimic original journals but are managed by cybercriminals. The present study uses a topic modeling approach to analyze published papers in hijacked versions of medical journals. A total of 3384 papers were downloaded from 21 hijacked journals in the medical domain and analyzed by topic modeling algorithm. Results indicate that hijacked versions of medical journals are published in most fields of the medical domain and typically respect the primary domain of the original journal. The academic world is faced with the third-generation of hijacked journals, and their detection may be more complex than common ones. The usage of artificial intelligence (AI) can be a powerful tool to deal with the phenomenon.

A study of the behaviour of plastically deformed carbon steel by means of ultrasonic attenuation: Saivaragi, Y. et al British Iron and Steel Industry Translation 6832 (Translation from Japanese version in Journal of Society of Materials Science, Japan, Vol 17 (March 1968) pp 219–225)

Do you know what this image represents?

Using games to teach

A major advantage of electronic publication is that it costs no more to deliver a color figure online than a black‐and‐white one. Printing color is, however, still a costly proposition. When publishing each article as soon as it is ready another significant advantage of electronic publication, the placement of the color pages within the subsequent printed version of the journal can no longer be controlled.For a variety of reasons, articles in the printed version of AGU journals appear in the order in which they were published. Economical reproduction of printed color requires grouping the color in as few signatures as possible. (A signature is a group of 16 or 32 pages that is printed at the same time on a single sheet.)

From Chaos to Community: Two Libraries Finding a Unified Direction

The Owen Science and Engineering Library incorporates use statistics for both print and electronic versions of journals into their journal retention decisions. Continuous in-house statistics have been taken over the last seven years for the print versions of the journals. The library has been able to gather electronic use statistics from 39% of the publishers, which account for over 99% of the titles to which they subscribe. This data is manipulated to establish number of uses for each year for each title, and cost-per-use for each title. Using this information as a starting point, decisions on journal retention are made each year.

The problems of the overwhelming amount of medical literature have been thoughtfully highlighted in the PLoS Medicine editorial “Drowning or Thirsting: The Extremes of Availability of Medical Information” [ 1]. It is of vital importance to medical professionals that they improve on their skills of sifting through the huge amounts of literature that are made available to them every month. But this task becomes exponentially more difficult in the less-developed world, where basic knowledge of medical literature is limited [ 2]. There are no alternatives to the good analytical skills that come through continued exposure to medical literature. This exposure should begin at the medical student level. Exercises such as those requiring medical students to analytically criticize medical literature can go a long way in developing reading skills. The second issue is that of disseminating the literature that has been published. Access to reliable health information has been described as “the single most cost-effective and achievable strategy for sustainable improvement in health care” [ 3]. A useful strategy could be making less-expensive paper versions of medical journals widely available in less-developed countries. Publishers should be willing to look into this approach. Regional copies of journals can be produced locally and inexpensively. This will boost the circulation of medical journals. Medical professionals will not mind a little compromise in the quality of paper in a journal, so long as they are able to afford it at a low price. The business model of offshore call centers can serve as a useful one in the case of publishing low-cost copies of medical journals. Companies have shifted their call centers to less-developed countries where services are available at very low costs. The costs of publishing are likewise bound to be cheaper in the less-developed countries; therefore, journals can be produced at affordable prices. If this model can be followed by multinationals, why is it not possible for a cause as noble as publishing medical literature? Another approach could be that journal volumes could be condensed, so that only research relevant to the local area is published in the local version of the journal. The Internet's widely spreading use as a resource can be of vital value in substantially quenching the thirst of professionals. The wide availability of Internet access in Pakistan [ 4], for example, helps the cause of disseminating information. Internet access such as that given through the platform of HINARI or the Ptolemy project [ 5] is also a viable option. But these networks need to be expanded to include more countries and individuals [ 6]. One should hope that investing in improving exposure of health professionals to medical literature will help improve their practices and the quality of healthcare that they provide to impoverished populations in their local area. The need of the hour is to be innovative and be ready to embrace new and thoughtful ideas for the collective good of humanity.

This book brings together Jonathan Unger's wide-ranging research on rural China over the past 30 years. It covers most topics of interest to students of rural politics and society. Four chapters deal with the “Countryside under Mao,” focusing on the 1960s and 1970s, and seven with the reform era. Several of the chapters appeared in earlier versions in journals or as book chapters.

This book consists of five essays, three of which have appeared before in conceptually different versions in journals. The chapters in the book follow a chronological progression starting approxima...

Since the publication of an introductory article in the Journal of Thoracic Disease and the Chinese version in Journal of Clinical and Pathological Research (1,2), I received many letters inquiring about detailed steps in accessing the multiparameter intelligent monitoring in intensive care-2 (MIMIC-2) database. When I told them there were very good instructions on the website that can guide you accessing the whole database in a step-by-step approach, most of them were still confusing on some technical details. Probably, most of these readers are critical care clinicians who are interested in researches by using this database but they are lack of some basic knowledge of computer science. Therefore, I write this step-by-step guidance on how to access the MIMIC-2 clinical database, assuming that the readers have no knowledge on virtual machine and database management. In the manuscript, I used many figures to illustrate the detailed steps in establishing virtual machine. I hope that interested investigators can access this database freely without cumbering by technical difficulties.