Historical milestones of ukrainian speech therapy: from origins to the present

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The study aims to conduct a historical and pedagogical analysis of the formation and development of speech therapy in Ukraine, considering sociocultural changes, transformations in the education system, and the influence of international experience. The focus is on identifying key stages of institutional development of speech therapy as a scientific field and a direction of professional training, as well as outlining current trends in speech therapy practice. The methodological foundation of the research is based on the principles of historicism, systemicity, and interdisciplinarity, which allow the study of speech therapy as a complex phenomenon at the intersection of medicine, psychology, and pedagogy. The study applies a set of scientific methods, including historical-comparative and structural-functional analysis, and the analysis of legal documents and scientific publications by Ukrainian researchers in special pedagogy. The source base includes archival materials, educational programs, scientific works, statistical reports, and chronological reviews of the development of defectological education in Ukraine. As a result of the study, the main periods of development of speech therapy in Ukraine were identified: from antiquity to the early 20th century, the Soviet period (1920–1991), and the independent Ukrainian stage (from 1991 to the present) - the contributions of key figures, such as I. Sikorsky, I. Dyomina, E. Sobotovych, and O.Gopichenko, to the formation of theoretical and methodological foundations of speech therapy are characterized. The institutionalization of speech therapy education is analyzed, including establishing speech therapy departments in pedagogical universities, creating speech therapy laboratories within the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, and developing specialized educational programs. The role of international cooperation, particularly the integration into the European educational space, in transforming Ukrainian speech therapy and rethinking the speech therapist’s professional identity is emphasized. The historical development of speech therapy in Ukraine demonstrates its gradual formation as an independent scientific and practical field. From empirical forms of assistance to a modern system of scientifically grounded speech therapy education and practice, this evolution has been shaped by numerous challenges, social demands, and interdisciplinary efforts. Contemporary Ukrainian speech therapy is actively aligned with European standards, implementing innovative approaches to diagnosing and correcting speech disorders, and ensuring a high level of professional training. The study of the historical foundations of speech therapy enables a deeper understanding of the accumulated experience and its application in strategic planning to further develop speech therapy in the context of modern societal challenges

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Speech and language therapists (SLTs) play an important role in assessing and rehabilitating communication disorders in people with dementia, but there is evidence to suggest that they do not receive appropriate training to provide management and support during their training. To investigate the level of awareness and knowledge that practising SLTs from Brazil have about dementia and their role in the care of dementia through an online survey. An online survey tool was developed to collect information from practising Brazilian SLTs regarding their knowledge about dementia, awareness about their role in the care of people with dementia, and opinions on how SLTs may be better prepared to work in the dementia field. The survey was disseminated via social media, websites, and e-mail lists of researchers and stakeholders. A total of 227 SLTs completed the survey. Participants showed good knowledge of dementia in general, while their answers were less accurate on primary progressive aphasia. Regarding the awareness by SLTs of their role in the care of people with dementia, most agreed or strongly agreed that SLTs could help people in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of dementia (> 80%). However, fewer participants agreed or strongly agreed that they felt confident in contributing to the treatment and diagnosis process of dementia (about 50%). To improve the training of SLTs in Brazil, most participants believed that it would be necessary to improve the teaching of dementia at the undergraduate speech and language therapy curriculum level and to develop recommendations or guidelines about speech and language therapy practice in dementia. The results of this survey point to a need for improvement in the knowledge and confidence of Brazilian SLTs about dementia. To reach this goal, targeted training courses and applied practice opportunities should be embedded within university curricula and training programmes. What is already known on the subject Many studies confirm the importance of speech and language therapy in the non-pharmacological treatment of people with dementia. However, other evidence suggests to a possible lack of training for Brazilian SLTs, especially in the curriculum of undergraduate courses. What this paper adds to existing knowledge This study reveals that Brazilian SLTs have substantial knowledge of dementia and recognize the significance of their role in treating people with dementia. However, a minority expressed confidence in their ability to assess and treat people with dementia. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? The findings of this research demonstrate that Brazilian SLTs have good knowledge of dementia and endorse their professional role in dementia care; however, they lack confidence in their own skills and expertise in diagnostic assessment and treatment of dementia. Interventions aimed at boosting the SLT's confidence level could lead to improved patients outcomes and overall quality of care within clinical settings.

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  • International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders
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Telehealth placements in speech and language therapy provide crucial opportunities for both learning and service delivery when clinicians, students and/or clients are separated by factors such as distance or illness. While the use of telehealth placements has increased in recent times, they remain a relatively underexplored phenomenon with limited information available about the perceptions and experiences of practice educators and students. The aim of this study was to explore experiences of telehealth-delivered speech and language therapy services and tele-supervision from the perspective of speech and language therapy students and practice educators. This study used a sequential exploratory mixed methods design with a questionnaire study followed by a series of focus groups with Australian speech and language therapy educators and speech pathology students. Different questionnaires were used with students (n=56) and practice educators (n=27); each explored perceptions of interaction, engagement and student learning via multiple-choice and open-ended questions. Multiple-choice answers were analysed descriptively; open-ended questions were analysed with qualitative content analysis. The results informed the focus group questions. Separate focus groups were held with students (n=17) and practice educators (n=20); each explored student learning and development as well as educator supervisory practices. Data were analysed inductively using thematic network analysis. Responses from both student and practice educator questionnaires indicated that students develop some different skills on telehealth placements compared to in-person placements and telehealth placements were more suitable for some students compared to others. We constructed 12 basic themes related to student and educator practices, student learning, client care, perceptions about telehealth, and location of educator and student. These were grouped into three organising themes: processes, perceptions, place. The organising themes were summarised into the overarching theme 'telehealth and in-person placements: same, same, but different'. This study adds to the growing body of literature indicating that telehealth placements can meet student learning needs. It suggests that both educators and students need to learn new skills or adapt their current practices to engage in these placements. This paper includes recommendations for how to manage the different practices required by universities, educators and students to promote successful telehealth placements, particularly when the educator and student are not co-located. What is already known on this subject Telehealth use has increased dramatically since the COVID-19 pandemic, both for clinical services and student placements in allied health services in general as well as speech and language therapy (SLT). Student placements conducted via telehealth are beneficial for student learning but some skills such as communication and interpersonal interaction develop differently. Placements can involve students delivering clinical services via telehealth and/ or remote student supervision (tele-supervision). What this paper adds to existing knowledge By drawing on the perspectives of students and practice educators, this paper demonstrates that the processes used for supervision, planning and clinical services are different in telehealth compared to in-person placements. It reveals that SLT students and educators have strongly held perceptions about the value and equivalence of telehealth placements that change over the course of a telehealth placement. This paper suggests placements that combine telehealth with tele-supervision are more complex and have fewer opportunities for incidental learning and developing professional workplace skills than placements where the educator and student providing telehealth services are co-located. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? This paper will help universities, professional organisations and practice educators disentangle placements where students deliver services using telehealth from those where students also receive tele-supervision. This work identifies common perceptions about telehealth placements that educators can use to guide discussions with students, and guide the selection of effective work practices for students and educators during telehealth placements.

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The effect of two speech and language approaches on speech problems in people with Parkinson's disease: the PD COMM RCT.
  • Oct 1, 2024
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  • Catherine M Sackley + 16 more

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Secondary outcomes: Voice Handicap Index subscales, Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39; Questionnaire on Acquired Speech Disorders; EuroQol-5D-5L; ICEpop Capabilities Measure for Older Adults; Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire - Carers; resource utilisation; and adverse events. Assessments were completed pre-randomisation and at 3, 6 and 12 months post randomisation. Three hundred and eighty-eight participants were randomised to Lee Silverman Voice Treatment LOUD (n = 130), National Health Service speech and language therapy (n = 129) and control (n = 129). The impact of voice problems at 3 months after randomisation was lower for Lee Silverman Voice Treatment LOUD participants than control [-8.0 (99% confidence interval: -13.3, -2.6); p = 0.001]. There was no evidence of improvement for those with access to National Health Service speech and language therapy when compared to control [1.7 (99% confidence interval: -3.8, 7.1); p = 0.4]. Participants randomised to Lee Silverman Voice Treatment LOUD reported a lower impact of their voice problems than participants randomised to National Health Service speech and language therapy [99% confidence interval: -9.6 (-14.9, -4.4); p < 0.0001]. There were no reports of serious adverse events. Staff were confident with the trial interventions; a range of patient and therapist enablers of implementing Lee Silverman Voice Treatment LOUD were identified. The economic evaluation results suggested Lee Silverman Voice Treatment LOUD was more expensive and more effective than control or National Health Service speech and language therapy but was not cost-effective with incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of £197,772 per quality-adjusted life-year gained and £77,017 per quality-adjusted life-year gained, respectively. The number of participants recruited to the trial did not meet the pre-specified power. People that had access to Lee Silverman Voice Treatment LOUD described a significantly greater reduction in the impact of their Parkinson's disease-related speech problems 3 months after randomisation compared to people that had no speech and language therapy. There was no evidence of a difference between National Health Service speech and language therapy and those that received no speech and language therapy. Lee Silverman Voice Treatment LOUD resulted in a significantly lower impact of voice problems compared to National Health Service speech and language therapy 3 months after randomisation which was still present after 12 months; however, Lee Silverman Voice Treatment LOUD was not found to be cost-effective. Implementing Lee Silverman Voice Treatment LOUD in the National Health Service and identifying alternatives to Lee Silverman Voice Treatment LOUD for those who cannot tolerate it. Investigation of less costly alternative options for Lee Silverman Voice Treatment delivery require investigation, with economic evaluation using a preference-based outcome measure that captures improvement in communication. This study is registered as ISRCTN12421382. This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme (NIHR award ref: 10/135/02) and is published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 28, No. 58. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.

  • Supplementary Content
  • Cite Count Icon 2
  • 10.1111/hex.13878
Health literacy interventions in adult speech and language therapy: A scoping review
  • Sep 25, 2023
  • Health Expectations : An International Journal of Public Participation in Health Care and Health Policy
  • Verna B Mckenna + 1 more

BackgroundReduced health literacy can negatively impact care seeking, satisfaction with care and overall health outcomes. These issues are particularly common among people living with communication difficulties who are seeking care from speech and language therapists (SLTs). As such, the SLT must be aware of and sensitive to health literacy needs within their clinical practice, proactively adapting materials and resources to the health literacy needs of their patients. Despite this required core competency, little is known about the health literacy interventions used by SLTs when working with adult patients, and as such, there is limited and unclear guidance for the practicing clinician, leading to potentially suboptimal care delivery.ObjectivesTo explore the characteristics of health literacy interventions discussed in the literature for use by SLTs with adult patients.Search StrategyPubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched. Conference proceedings of the annual scientific meetings of the European Society for Swallowing Disorders and the Dysphagia Research Society were also searched. Grey literature was searched via the Open Grey database and, hand‐searches of reference lists from included studies were conducted by both authors.Inclusion CriteriaPublished and unpublished research investigating health literacy interventions provided by qualified SLTs providing care to adult patients in any setting for any speech and language related concerns. No language, geographic, study design or publication date limitations applied. Eligible participants in these studies were classified as: (1) patients and (2) professionals.Data Extraction and SynthesisData were charted in accordance with guidelines from the Joanna Briggs Institute and the PRISMA ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) independently by both authors.Main ResultsA total of 1112 potentially eligible studies were identified in the initial search, with 15 studies ultimately included in the synthesis. Study design and quality varied significantly. Most explored basic functional health literacy or narratively described core components of health literacy, which an SLT should understand, without employing an investigative research design.DiscussionLimited research has been conducted on the use of health literacy interventions within adult speech and language therapy practices. This finding is significant as SLTs regularly work with people living with communication problems, and therefore, addressing health literacy should be a core tenet of service delivery.ConclusionThere is a need for valid, reliable and rigorous investigations of health literacy interventions within speech and language therapy to ultimately improve future patient access to and benefit from the care provided.Patient or Public ContributionPatient public involvement in review studies is an emerging area. Due to resource issues, it was not possible to include this element in this study.

  • Conference Article
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PARTICULARITES OF USING EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE IN SPEECH THERAPY INTERVENTION FOR PUPILS WITH MENTAL DISABILITY
  • Apr 25, 2014
  • Lizia Ioana Suta + 3 more

PARTICULARITES OF USING EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE IN SPEECH THERAPY INTERVENTION FOR PUPILS WITH MENTAL DISABILITY Authors Popovici, D., University of Bucharest (Bucharest, Romania), stelutadoru@yahoo.com;?u?? L.I., Special School ,,Constantin P?unescu" (Bucharest, Romania), liziasuta@yahoo.com ?u??, V.E., Special School ,,Constantin P?unescu" (Bucharest, Romania), vicol79@yahoo.com, Vasile, M., ., Special School ,,Constantin P?unescu" (Bucharest, Romania), marinela.vasile@yahoo.com Presentation In order to achieve and implement a useful educational software for speech therapy intervention for pupils with mental deficiency , it is necessary first to identify the most common existing language disorders in this population of students. Therefore, the first objective of the research was done by conducting a cross-section, constantative study. After evaluating a number of 91 students with mental disability from Special School "Constantin P?unescu ", we found that the most damage sounds for the students mentioned above are those from sigmatism and parasigmatism group . Educational software developed after obtaining these results, it is intended to correct the sounds that were highlighted as having the highest frequency damage, namely the sounds s, t and z and can be used successfully in the stages of consolidation and automation of the sounds. The second research of the paper was an experimental one and we intend to verify the assumption that the introduction in a program for computer-assisted speech and language intervention will lead to a faster correction of spelling disorders. Were selected two groups of students consisting of 10 subjects each (symmetric in terms of number and type of errors identified pronunciation), whose diagnosis was the damage of S sound. After applying differentiated speech therapy programs for the two groups (experimental group received speech therapy aided educational software and the control group received traditional speech therapy) we found that computer-aided speech therapy activities lead to achieving therapeutic goals in a shorter time and with better results . Research methods included tests of language assessment, observation, conversation, case study and students files verification. Tests for assessment of language followed measurement of sound articulation of the language, for independent speech and for the reflected speech, being extracted from a set of samples used in speech therapy practice. At the end of the research were conducted two case studies for two students from different research groups , in order to formulate some qualitative results of our research.

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