Highly sensitive determination of zileuton using TiO2 nanoparticles and the ionic liquid 1-hexylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate nanocomposite sensor

Abstract

The highly sensitive electrochemical determination of zileuton on a nanocomposite sensor designed by incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles and the ionic liquid 1-hexylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate (HPFP) has been reported. The capability of the modified electrode to quantify sub-micromolar concentrations of zileuton was investigated using adsorptive stripping differential pulse voltammetry (AdsDPV) as a sensitive electroanalytical method. Some kinetic parameters such as the electron transfer coefficient (α), the electron transfer number (n), and the standard electron transfer rate constant (ks) were also evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques. The influence of pH, sweep rate, accumulation time, and accumulation potential on the voltammetric response of zileuton was studied. Under the optimized conditions, the anodic peak current was linear for the concentration of zileuton in the broad range of 4.0 × 10−8 to 1.0 × 10−4 M with the detection limit of 8.3 × 10−9 M. In addition, using the amperometric technique the liner dynamic range of 1.0 × 10−5 to 1.4 × 10−4 M with detection limit of 1.8 × 10−6 M was obtained. This method was also successfully applied to detect the concentration of zileuton in human plasma and pharmaceutical dosage samples.