Abstract
A dual-mode chemosensor based on phenanthroline dicarbohydrazide (L) was synthesized for selective and sensitive monitoring of Zr4+. The selective distinct colorimetric response and a turn-on fluorescence were observed upon interaction of L with Zr4+ in DMSO:water (8:2, v/v) media. The sensor L could form 1:2 stoichiometric complex with Zr4+ with an association constant of 1 × 104 M−1 by using Jobs and Benesi-Hilderbrand (BH) methods. The sensor could work in the wide pH range of 3 to 8 without much interference from other common metal ions. The limit of detection (LOD) of Zr4+ was found to be 180 nM and 9 nM by UV–visible and spectrofluorometric analysis respectively. The binding interaction of L with Zr4+ was confirmed by 1H NMR and DFT analysis. Further, the ligand L was applied for the quantitative determination of Zr4+ in various water samples.
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